1 90S 


'^31, 


CM 
CO 

CO 

CO 
CO 

.m 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 


IN  MEMORY  OF 

PROFESSOR  WILLIAM  MERRILL 

AND 

MRS.  IMOGENE  MERRILL 


^\)t  Stutients'  Sertts  of  ILatin  Classics 


CICERO 
SELECT  LETTERS 


lEY.CAU 


EDITED 

WITH    NOTES    AND    A    VOCABULARY 

BY 

GEORGE  V.  EDWARDS,  Ph.D.  (Johns  Hopkins) 

INSTRUCTOR  IN   THE   MICHIGAN   STATE  NORMAL  COLLEGE 


ov  TToXX'   aWa  ttoXv 


BENJ.   H.   SANBORN   &  CO. 
BOSTON,  U.S.A. 


THE    STUDENTS'    SERIES    OF    LATIN 
CLASSICS. 

Under  the  editorial  supervision  of 

Ernest  Mondell  Pease,  A.M., 

Leland  Stanford  Junior  University, 

AND  

Hakey  Thukston  Peck,  Ph.D.,  L.H.D., 
Columbia  University, 


BOOKS    FOR  SECONDARY   SCHOOLS. 

A  Beginner's  Book  in  Latin $1.00 

A  First  Book  in  Latin l^OO 

By  Hiram  Tuell,  A.M.,  late  Principal  of  Milton  (Mass.)  High  School, 
and  Harold  N.  Fowler,  Ph.D.,  Western  Eeserve  University. 

A  New  Latin  Composition  (3  parts  in  1  vol.) 1.00 

By  M.  Grant  Daniell,  A.M.,  late  Principal  of  Chauncy  Hall  School. 

A  Latin  Composition  Tablet.    By  Mr.  Daniell .15 

£utropius,  Selections ,gO 

By  Victor  S.  Clark,  Lit.D.,  Superintendent  of  Instruction,  Island 
of  Puerto  Eico. 

Greek  and  Koman  Mythology 1.00 

By  Karl  P.  Harrington,  A.M.,  University  of  Maine,  and  Herbert 
C.  ToLMAN,  Ph.D.,  Yanderbllt  University. 

Greek  and  Koman  Mytliology.    Paper .40 

Outlines  of  Ancient  Geography .25 

By  Francis  M.  Austin,  A.M.,  late  Wesleyan  Academy  (Mass.). 

Sallust,  Catiline.     (Revised,  1900) ,00 

By  Chas.  G.  Herbermann,  Ph.D.,  College  of  the  City  of  New  York. 

The  Private  Life  of  the  Komans 1.00 

"  "  "  "        (paper) .40 

By  Harriet  "Waters  Preston  and  Louise  Dodge. 

Sight  Slips  in  Latin.     Pamphlets .05 

"  "  "  Bound .18 

Edited  by  Thomas  B,  Lindsay,  Ph.D.,  Boston  University. 

Vergil,  The  Story  of  Turnus,  from  Aen.  VII-XII 25 

By  Moses  Slaughter,  Ph.D.,  University  of  Wisconsin. 

Viri  komae  (With  Prose  Exercises) ". .60 

By  G.  M.  Whicher,  A.M.,  the  Teachers'  Normal  College,  New  York. 

Announcements  of  New  Books  in  the  Students'  Series  foe  Secondary 
Schools. 

A  Handbook  of  Latin  Synonyms.    By  Walter  Miller,  A.M.,  the  Leland 

Stanford  Junior  University. 

Caesar,  Gallic  War,  Books  I-V.  By  Harold  W.  Johnston,  Ph.D.,  the  Uni- 
versity of  Indiana,  and  Frederick  W.  Sanford,  A.M.,  Illinois  College. 

Cicero,  Select  Orations.  By  B.  L.  D'Ooge,  A.M.,  the  Michigan  State  Normal 
College. 

Nepos,  Selections.:  By  J.  C.  Jones,  Ph.D.,  the  University  of  Missouri. 

Ovid,  Selections  from  the  Metamorphoses.  By  B.  Lawton  Wiggins,  A.M.,  the 
University  of  the  South. 


E\}t  Stutients*  Series  of  3Latin  Classies 

/C^ICERO 
SELECT    LETTERS 

W,  A.  MERRILL. 
2609  COLLEGE  AVE. 
EDITED  BERKELEY,  CAL 

WITH  NOTES  AND  A  VOCABULARY 

BY 

GEORGE  V.  EDWARDS,  Ph.D.  (Johns  Hopkins) 

INSTEUCTOB  IN  THB  MICHIOAN  STATE  NOfiMAL  COLLBOS 


ov  woKX*  aWa  iroXv 


BENJ.   H.   SANBORN  &  CO. 
BOSTON,  U.S.A. 


GIFT 

Copyright,  1905, 
By  GEORGE  V.  EDWARDS. 


J.  S.  Cushing  &  Co.  —  Berwick  &  Suiitli  Co. 
Norwood,  Mass.,  U.S.A. 


PKEFACE. 

To  meet  the  demand  for  a  brief  volume  of  Cicero's 
letters,  to  be  read  in  connection  with  Cicero's  orations, 
the  present  selection  of  letters  has  been  prepared  and 
edited  in  accord  with  D'Ooge's  Select  Orations  of 
Cicero.  While,  in  view  of  their  purpose,  the  choice 
of  selections  has  been  limited  to  the  easiest  and  plainest 
letters,  yet  the  list  will  be  found  sufficiently  extensive 
to  include  illustration  of  Cicero's  most  salient  personal 
traits  and  many  of  the  most  prominent  phases  of  his 
career. 

Owing  to  the  close  connection  between  this  book  and 
Professor  D'Ooge's  Cicero^  it  has  seemed  necessary  to 
include  in  the  vocabulary  only  those  words  which  do 
not  appear  in  his  vocabulary  to  the  Orations.  As  these 
words  appear  for  the  first  time  in  the  text  they  are 
marked  with  a  star  to  show  that  they  have  been  placed 
in  the  vocabulary  of  this  book. 

It  has  seemed  best,  also,  in  marking  the  quantities,  to 
keep  in  accord  with  the  second  edition  of  Professor 
D'Ooge's  Cicero,  soon  to  appear,  without  asserting  the 
opinion  of  the  writer  in  regard  to  any  of  the  hidden 
quantities  so  marked. 


M684607 


IV  PREFACE. 

Many  obligations  are  due  Professor  B.  L.  D'Ooge  for 

kindly  criticism  and  assistance  through  the  press,  and 

Professor  E.  M.  Pease  for  many  suggestions  and  even 

verbal  expressions,  which  have  seemed  to  me  too  good 

not  to  employ. 

GEORGE  VAIL  EDWARDS. 

Ypsilanti, 
January  1, 1905. 


CONTENTS. 


PAOB 

Introduction vii 

Value  of  the  CoiTespondence viii 

Familiar  Style viii 

Extent,  now  and  in  Antiquity ix 

Origin  of  the  Collections ix 

Atticus X 

Means  of  Letter-writing x 

Postal  Service .  xi 

Chronicle xi 


Selected  Letters 

L  ad  Att.  I.  2 


u. 

ad  Att.  III.  6     . 

HL 

ad  Fam.  XIV.  4 

IV. 

ad  Fam.  VII.  6  . 

V. 

ad  Fam.  VII.  7  . 

VL 

ad  Fam.  XVL  9 

VII. 

ad  Fam.  XIV.  18 

VIII. 

ad  Att.  VIIL  11,  C 

IX. 

ad  Att.  IX.  6,  A 

X. 

ad  Att.  IX.  11,  A 

XL 

ad  Att.  IX.  16    . 

XIL 

ad  Fam.  XIV.  7 

XIII. 

ad  Fam.  XIV.  20 

XIV. 

ad  Fam.  IX.  20  . 

2 
5 
6 

7 
9 
10 
10 
11 
12 
l.J 
14 
U 


VI 

CONTENTS 

XV. 

ad  Fam.  XIIL  25       . 

XVI. 

ad  Fam.  IX.  17  . 

XVII. 

ad  Fam.  IV.  6    . 

XVIII. 

ad  Fam.  VI.  15  . 

XIX. 

ad  Fam.  VII.  22 

XX. 

ad  Fam.  XI.  5    . 

XXL 

ad  Fam.  X.  28    . 

Notes 

VOCABULAR-I 

r 

PA6R 
16 

16 
18 
20 
20 
.21 
22 

25 

58 


INTRODUCTION. 

I.    VALUE  OF  THE  CORRESPONDENCE. 

The  growing  recognition  of  the  great  value  of  Cicero's 
letters  for  school  use  rests,  primarily,  upon  the  fact  that 
through  the  letters  we  come  not  only  to  learn  of  great 
deeds  not  elsewhere  so  well  recorded,  but  to  feel,  also, 
the  man  himself  more  personally  and  to  know  him  more 
intimately  than  is  possible  in  any  other  way. 

The  importance  of  this  fact  is  heightened  by  the  cir- 
cumstance that  it  is  Cicero  alone,  of  all  the  men  of 
antiquity,  whose  thoughts  and  purposes  and  feelings 
in  his  daily  private  life  we  find  so  fully  recorded  and 
revealed. 

Had  it  been  a  less  important  personage  whose  letters 
we  possessed,  living  at  a  less  momentous  day  of  Rome's 
history,  still  the  unvarnished  picture  of  a  Roman's  daily 
life, 'in  such  minute  detail,  at  so  many  places  and  seasons, 
would  have  afforded  us  an  excellent  source  of  informa- 
tion for  reconstructing  our  view  of  that  ancient  day. 
But  this  is  Cicero !  large  of  nature,  leader  of  men,  bril- 
liant of  mind,  wide  of  interests ;  living,  besides,  in  the 
mightiest  day  of  Rome's  political  drama.  The  conse- 
quence is  our  possession  of  a  work  not  merely  of  the 
very  highest  documentary  importance,  but  of  exceedingly 
great  literary  interest  as  well. 

vii 


Vlll  INTRODUCTION. 

11.    FAMILIAR  STYLE. 

For  the  scholar,  indeed,  the  letters  of  Cicero  are  of 
unique  value,  in  that  the  style  of  the  letters  is  not  the 
formal  and  polished  style  of  the  recognized  branches  of 
literary  art,  for  in  Cicero's  day  private  correspondence 
was  not  yet  felt  to  require  that  elaborate  care  in  expres- 
sion which  real  literature  demanded.  They  show  the 
common  language  of  daily  intercourse ;  bright  and  elegant 
in  this  case,  to  be  sure,  coming  from  the  brain  of  culti- 
vated Cicero,  but  familiar  in  tone,  abounding  in  colloqui- 
alisms and  extravagances  of  expression,  and  rich  in 
epistolary  tenses,  coined  words,  Greek  phrases,  diminu- 
tives, and  many  other  peculiarities  of  expression. 

IIL    EXTENT,  NOW  AND  IN  ANTIQUITY. 

The  complete  works  of  Cicero  as  published  to-day  in- 
clude a  collection  of  870  letters,  or,  counting  letters  sent 
as  inclosures,  upwards  of  50  more.  These  are  arranged 
in  five  groups.  First,  sixteen  books  commonly  called 
ad  Familiares  ;  second,  three  books  called  ad  Quintum 
Fratrem,  including  28  letters  to  Cicero's  brother  Quin- 
tus;  third,  sixteen  books  commonly  called  ad  Atticum, 
including  about  397  letters  written  to  Atticus,  none  from 
Atticus  to  Cicero ;  fourth,  two  books  ad  Brutum  having 
23  letters  to  or  from  M.  Brutus;  fifth,  a  long  letter 
De  Petitione  Consulatus,  apparently  written  by  Quintus  to 
Cicero. 

Besides  these  the  ancients  knew  of  other  and  differ- 
ent groups  of  Cicero's  letters.  Book  I.  of  our  present  col- 
lection ad  Brutum  was  Book  IX.  in  a  larger  collection. 


INTRODUCTION.  IX 

To  Cornelius  Kepos  there  were  known  two  books;  to 
Hii-tius,  at  least  nine  books ;  to  Pompey,  four  books ;  to 
Caesar,  three  books ;  to  Octavius,  three  books ;  and  more 
to  Pansa,  Axius,  Cicero's  son  Marcus,  Calvus,  and  others. 
Of  all  this  correspondence,  however,  the  collections  which 
remain  are  less  than  half. 

IV.    ORIGIN   OF  THE  COLLECTIONS. 

Since  these  letters  were  not  made  as  a  work  of  literary- 
art,  but  were  the  genuine  expression  of  Cicero's  private 
and  momentary  thoughts  and  feelings,  made  at  various 
times  and  places,  the  question  arises  how  and  when  they 
came  to  be  gathered  together  and  when  they  were  pub- 
lished ;  to  the  answer  of  which  not  all  scholars  are  agreed. 
It  seems  most  likely  that  a  collection  of  various  letters 
to  and  from  Cicero  was  begun,  perhaps  with  Cicero's 
consent,  by  his  friend  and  freedman  Tiro,  over  a  year 
before  Cicero's  death.  This  collection  was  added  to,  and 
parts  of  it  were  published  in  separate  books  by  Tiro  at 
various  times  after  43  b.c,  perhaps  some  while  after. 
These  separate  parts  were  cited  separately  throughout 
antiquity  and  were  not  gathered  into  the  collection  now 
known  as  ad  Familiares  until  long  after  Tiro's  day. 

A  further  collection  also  was  made  by  Cicero's  friend 
Atticus,  including  only  letters  which  Cicero  had  written 
him.  As  late  as  when  Cornelius  Nepos  wrote  his  life 
of  Atticus  these  letters  had  not  been  published,  at  least 
not  as  we  have  them  now ;  but  they  were  fully  edited  by 
Atticus,  and  were  published  perhaps  before  his  death, 
or  more  probably  at  some  time  afterwards. 


X  INTRODUCTION. 

V.    ATTICUS. 

Titus  Pomponius  Atticus,  born  109  B.C.,  died  32  b.c, 
was,  during  all  Cicero's  maturer  years,  his  most  intimate 
friend.  The  two  men  were  of  like  age,  of  like  birth,  and, 
in  part,  of  like  tastes :  both  were  fond  of  art  and  beauty, 
of  literature  and  philosophy,  of  society  and  country  life ; 
each  was  capable  of  warm  and  firm  affection,  each  was 
trustworthy,  and  each  was,  in  some  manner,  of  superla- 
tive distinction.  At  the  same  time  they  were  different. 
Cicero  was  open  and  generous ;  Atticus  was  close  and 
thrifty.  Cicero  was  never  quite  happy  when  out  of 
public  life;  Atticus  carefully  avoided  politics.  Cicero 
repeatedly  risked  his  life  for  the  republic ;  Atticus  served 
his  friends  the  more  because  he  avoided  dangerous  en- 
mities. Cicero  squandered  a  fortune  on  his  villas  and 
in  bad  loans  to  his  good  friends;  Atticus  accumulated 
from  every  direction,  loaned  his  money  to  friends  at 
good  interest,  and  died  worth  millions. 

VI.    MEANS  OF   LETTER  WRITING. 

The  correspondence  medium  of  the  Romans  was  dif- 
ferent from  our  own.  They  had  reed  pens,  ink  made  from 
lampblack  and  gum,  papyrus  for  the  letters  which  needed 
to  be  less  bulky,  and  wax  tablets  and  stylus  for  those 
where  the  weight  was  of  less  importance. 

The  papyrus  was  rolled  up,  tied  with  a  thread,  fas- 
tened at  the  knot  with  wax,  which  was  then  stamped 
with  the  writer's  seal.  At  need  this  packet  could  easily 
be  made  so  small  as  to  be  carried  out  of  sight  about  the 
carrier's  person. 


INTRODUCTION.  XI 

The  tablets,  fashioned  somewhat  like  a  schoolboy's 
slate  of  to-day,  with  wax  surface  in  place  of  slate,  were 
frequently  made  in  pairs,  or  with  three  or  more  together. 
The  message  was  written  on  the  inner  side  of  the  slate 
as  folded,  a  thread  was  then  passed  through  the  rim  of 
the  tablets  to  fasten  them  together,  and  sealed.  Erasures 
could  be  made  with  the  stylus,  which  was  blunt  at  one 
end  for  this  purpose. 

VII.    POSTAL  SERVICE. 

The  letters  were  conveyed  by  slaves  or  freedmen  spe- 
cially appointed  and  trained  for  this  purpose,  every  great 
family  or  business  house  having  such  readily  at  its  service, 
or  by  the  chance  traveler  going  in  the  desired  direction. 
A  first-class  messenger  would  be  able  to  go  something 
like  forty  miles  a  day,  would  use  judgment  in  choice  of 
routes  and  stopping  places,  and  discretion  in  the  time  and 
manner  of  delivering  his  missive. 

VIII.    CHRONICLE. 

The  present  volume  of  twenty-one  letters  contains  only 
selections  from  ad  Atticum  and  ad  FamiliareSf  marked  re- 
spectively Att.  and  Fam.  The  numerals  following  these 
abbreviations  are  for  the  "  book  "  and  the  number  of  the 
letter  in  the  book :  thus,  the  first  selection  {Att,  I.  2)  is 
the  second  letter  in  the  first  book  ad  Atticum. 

To  show  how  largely  even  these  few  letters  abound  in 
illustration  of  Cicero's  daily  life  and  of  his  character  the 
following  Chronicle  of  some  of  the  circumstances  referred 
to  in  the  present  selection  is  appended. 


XU  INTRODUCTION. 

CHRONICLE. 
B.C.  65.     Early  in  July  M.  TuUius  Cicero,  Jr.,  born. 

Cicero  thinks  of  making  common  cause  in  poli- 
tics with  Catiline. 

Joins  in  collusion  with  a  prosecutor. 

Plans  his  campaign  for  the  consulship  a  year 
ahead. 

Kelies  on  the  support  of  his  friend  Atticus. 
58.     Cicero  in  exile,  broken-hearted. 

Practices  the  philosophy  which  he  preached. 

Refrains  from  suicide  for  his  family's  sake. 

Expresses  deepest  affection  for  his  wife  Te- 
rentia. 

Is  entertained  at  Brundisium  by  a  willing 
friend,  who  thereby  risks  his  own  safety  for 
Cicero's  sake. 

Sails  for  Greece. 

Devises  means  for  his  daughter's  married  hap- 
piness. 

Arranges  to  free  his  slaves,  conditionally. 

Concerns  himself  about  postal  arrangements. 
54.     Writes  influential  letters  to  great  men  in  be- 
half of  his  young  friend  Trebatius. 

Quotes  Ennius. 

Puns. 

Advises  his  young  friend  about  the  value  of 
persistence,  courage,  and  alertness. 

Commends  the  desirability  of  intimacy  with 
Caesar. 


INTRODUCTION.  Xlll 

B.C.  50.  Having  been  made  proconsul  of  Cilicia  and 
served  his  term  there,  Cicero  returns  home- 
ward across  Greece. 

Parts  tenderly  from  his  freedman  Tiro,  who  is 
too  sick  to  travel. 

Shows  prudence  in  safe  traveling. 

Is  detained  by  storms,  but  seems  not  to  have 
been  seasick. 

Enjoys  fine  weather  at  sea. 

Meets  enthusiastic  reception  at  Brundisium. 

Is  delighted  to  see  Terentia  again. 

Rejoices  at  getting  his  forwarded  mail. 

Provides  liberally  for  his  sick  friend's  com- 
fort. 

Reproves  him  for  attending  a  musicale. 

Anticipates  disorder  on  election  day. 

Counsels  avoidance  of  too  strenuous  sailing- 
masters. 

Recommends  sailing  in  company  with  a  cau- 
tious officer. 
49.  At  the  outbreak  of  civil  war  Cicero  leaves  the 
neighborhood  of  Rome,  intrusting  his  wife 
and  family  to  the  care  and  protection  of  his 
son-in-law  and  the  servants. 

Plans  in  confidence  with  Terentia. 

Has  his  house  fortified  against  attack. 

Establishes  a  private  postal  system. 

Refrains  from  joining  Pompey's  army. 

Pleads,  in  dignity,  with  Caesar  for  a  reconcili- 
ation with  Pompey. 


xiV-  INTRODUCTION. 

B.C.  49.     Acknowledges    personal   friendship    for    both 
Caesar  and  Pompey. 

Thanks  Caesar  for  a  favor  done  his  friend 
Lentulus. 

Writes  every  day  to  Atticus. 

Praises  Caesar  for  his  clemency  towards  cap- 
tives. 
48.     Loses  regard  for  Terentia. 

Bids  her  inquire  the  news  about  him  from 
Lepta  and  Trebatius. 
47.  After  joining  Pompey  at  last,  campaigning 
with  him  in  Greece  and  giving  up  after  the 
defeat  of  Pompey  he  returns  to  Italy  once 
more;  this  time  without  desiring  to  meet 
Terentia. 

After  a  long  detention  at  Brundisium  he  sets 
out  for  Rome  quite  leisurely. 

Bids  Terentia  prepare  physical  comfort  for  his 
guests  at  Tusculum ;  after  which  we  hear  no 
more  of  Terentia  till  after  their  divorce. 
46.  Accepting  conditions  as  they  are  after  his  over- 
throw and  Caesar's  victory,  he  cultivates 
dining  out. 

Improves  his  digestion. 

Distinguishes  fine  from  vulgar  lavishness. 

Invites  famous  epicures  to  dinner. 

Enjoys  their  talk. 

Befrains    from   serving  peacock   at  his   own 
table. 

Eeceives  a  stream  of  morning  callers  daily. 


INTRODUCTION.  XV 

V,.C.  46.     Reads  much. 

Writes  much  on  philosophical  subjects. 
Lectures  at  home  on  philosophy  and  rhetoric. 
Takes  regular  bodily  exercise,  although  sixty 

years  old. 
Grieves  for  the  lost  liberty  of  his  country. 
Threatens  to  eat  his  friend  Paetus  out  of  house 
.   and  home. 
Introduces   Prince   Hagesaretus  to  Governor 

Sulpicius. 
Laughs  at  Paetus  for  not  knowing  the  real 

power  of  a  tyrant. 
Is  thankful  for  mere  living,  despite  loss  of 

honors  and  dignity. 
Is  resigned  to  all  that  Fate  may  bear. 
Holds  it  his  duty  to  live  as  a  philosopher. 
Pleads  lack  of  news  as  an  excuse  for  not  writ- 
ing. 
Longs   for  comfort  when    afflicted  with   the 

death  of  his  daughter. 
Appreciates  consolation  offered. 
Thinks  his  affliction  greater  than  the  afflictions 

of  others. 
Longs  for  the  visit  of  his  friend  Sulpicius. 
44.     Congratulates  one  of  Caesar's  assassins  on  the 

deed. 
Dines  deep  and  late  with  Trebatius. 
Pursues  their  legal  quibble  to  his  library  after 

getting  home. 
Assumes  direction  of  Senatorial  forces  at  Rome. 


XVI  INTRODUCTION. 

B.C.  44.     Seeks  safety  in  temporary  hiding. 

Encourages   the   generals   of  his   party  with 

letters  and  advice  and  with  the  promise  of 

his  unreserved  devotion. 
Eeproves  Trebonius  for  lack  of  foresight. 
Boasts   of   his   own  zeal  and  its  immediate 

success. 
Summarizes  the  news  for  Trebonius. 
Keenly  estimates  his  contemporaries. 


M.  TULLI  CICERONIS 
EPISTOLAE   SELECTAE. 

I.     (Att.  I.  2.) 

Rome,  65  b.c,  some  days  after  the  consular  election  in  July. 

Born  election  day,  a  son.    I  think  to  defend  Catiline. 

CICERO   *ATTICO   SAL. 

L.  lulio  Caesare  C.  *  Marcio  *  Figulo  consulibus  *  fili- 
olo  me  auctum  scito  salva  *Terentia.  Abs  te  tarn  diu 
nihil  litterarum  !  Ego  de  mels  ad  te  rationibus  scrips! 
an  tea  diligenter.  Hoc  tempore  Catillnam,  competitorem 
nostrum,  dfifendere  cogitamus ;  indices  liabemus  quos  5 
voluimus,  summa  *  acctisatoris  voluntate.  Spero,  si  *  ab- 
solutus  erit,  coniunctiorem  ilium  nobis  fore  in  ratione 
petitionis;  sin  *aliter  accident,  *humaniter  feremus. 

Come  soon  and  help  my  campaign. 

2.  Tuo  adventti  nobis  opus  est  mattiro;  nam  *pror- 
sus  summa  hominum  est  opinio  tuos  familiares,  nobills  10 
homines,  adversarios  honorl  nostro  fore ;  ad  eorum 
voluntatem  mihi  conciliandum  maximo  te  mihi  tisui 
fore  video,  quare  lanuario  *mense,  ut  constituisti,  cura 
ut  Romae  sis. 

1 


2  M.    TULLI   CICERONIS 

II.     (Att.  III.  5.) 

Thurii,  April  6,  58  b.c. 

Terentia  is  grateful  for  your  kindness.     My  life  here  is  most 
wretched,  but  I  take  refuge  in  myself. 

CICERO    ATTICO    SAL. 

Terentia  tibi  et  saepe  et  maximas  agit  gratias :  id  est 
mihi  gratissimum.  Ego  vivo  miserrimus  et  maximo 
dolore  conficior.  Ad  te  quid  scrlbam  nescio.  Si  enim 
es  Komae,  iam  me  adsequi  non  potes ;  sin  es  in  via, 
5  cum  eris  me  adsecutus  coram  agemus  quae  erunt 
agenda.  Tantum  te  oro,  ut,  quoniam  me  ipsum  semper 
amasti,  ut  eodem  amore  sis;  ego  enim  Idem  sum:  ini- 
micl  mel  mea  mihi,  non  me  ipsum  ademerunt.  Ctira 
ut  valeas.     Data  VIII  Idus  *  April.     *  Thurii. 

III.     (Fam.  XIV.  4.) 

Brundisium,  April  29,  58  b.c. 

Woiild  I  were  dead,  since  gods  and  men  forsake  us. 

TULLIUS   S.   D.  TERENTIAE   ET  *  TULLI  AE  ET   CICERONI   SUIS. 

10  Ego  minus  saepe  do  ad  vos  litteras  quam  possum, 
propterea  quod  cum  omnia  mihi  tempora  sunt  misera, 
turn  vero,  cum  aut  scrlbo  ad  vos  aut  vestras  lego,  con- 
ficior lacrimis  sic  ut  ferre  non  possim.  Quod  utinam 
minus    vltae   cupidi   fuissemus !       Certe   nihil    aut   non 

I5multum  in  vita  mall  vidissemus.  Quod  si  nos  ad  ali- 
quam  alicuius  commodi  aliquando  recuperandl  spem 
fortuna  reservavit,  minus  est  erratum  a  nobis  j   si  haec 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  3 

mala  fixa  sunt,  ego  vero  te  quam  prlinum,  mea  vita, 
cupio  vid^re  et  in  tuo  complexu  emori,  quoniam  neque 
dl,  quos  tu  castissime  coluisti,  neque  homines,  quibus 
ego  semper  servlvl,  nobis  gratiam  rettulerunt. 

Thanks  to  Laenius  who  has  risked  his  safety  for  me. 

2.  Nos  BrundisI  apud  M.  *Laenium  Flaccum  dies  5 
*XIII  fuimus,  virum  optimum,  qui  perlculum  forttina- 
rum  et  capitis  sul  prae  mea  salute  neglgxit  neque  legis 
improbissimae  poena  deductus  est,  quo  minus  hospiti 
et  aniTcitiae  ius  officiumque  praestaret.  Huic  utinam 
aliquando  gratiam  referre  possimus !  habebimus  quidem  10 
semper.  3.  Brundisio  profecti  sumus  a.  d.  *  II  K. 
*  Mai. :   per  *  Macedoniam  *  Cyzicum  petebamus. 

What  am  I  now  to  do  f    Is  any  hope  left  ?    Grief  stays  my  pen. 

0  me  perditum  !     0  adfllctum  !     Quid  nunc  ?     Rogem 
t6  ut  venias  ?      Mulierem  aegram  et  corpore  et  animo 
confectam.     Non  rogem.     Sine  te  igitur  sim  ?     Opinor,  15 
sic  agam :   si  est  spes  nostrl  reditus  earn  conflrmes  et 
rem  adiuves ;  sin,  ut  ego  metuo,  transactum  est,  quoquo 
modo  potes  ad  me  fac  venias.      Unum  hoc  scito:  si  tS 
habebo,  non  mihi  videbor  plane  perisse.     Sed  quid  *Tul- 
liola  mea  fiet?     lara  id  vos  videte;   mihi  deest  consi-20 
Hum.      Sed  certe,   quoquo  modo   se   res   habebit,  illius 
*misellae    et   *matrimonio   et    famae   serviendum    est. 
Quid?     Cicero  mens  quid  aget?     Iste  vero  sit  in  sinu 
semper  et  complexu  meo.     Non  *queo  pltira  iam  scri- 
bere:  impedit  maeror.      Tu  quid  egeris,  nescio;  utrum25 
aliquid  teneas  an,  quod  metuo,  plane  sis  spoliata. 


M.   TULLI  CICEKONIS 


DonH  he  troubled  about  the  freeing  of  the  slaves. 

4.  *Plsonem,  ut  scribis,  spero  fore  semper  nostrum. 
D6  familia  liberata  nihil  est  quod  te  moveat.  Primum 
tuis  ita  *promissum  est,  te  facttiram  esse,  ut  quisque  esset 
meritus;  est  autem  in  officio  adhuc  *  Orpheus,  praeterea 

5  magno  opere  nemo.  Ceterorum  servorum  ea  causa  est,  ut, 
SI  r6s  a  nobis  abisset,  =*liberti  nostrl  essent,  si  obtinere 
potuissent;  sin  ad  nos  pertineret,  servirent  praeterquam 
^^oppido  panel.     Sed  haec  minora  sunt. 

Hope  of  return  is  small.     How  shall  I  get  your  letters  ? 

5.  Tu  quod  me  hortaris  ut  animo  sim  magno  et  spem 
lohabeam  recuperandae  saltitis,  id  velim  sit  eiusmodi  ut 

recte  sperare  possimus.  Nunc  miser  quando  tuas  iam 
litteras  accipiam?  Quis  ad  me  perferet?  Quas  ego 
exspectassem  Brundisi  si  esset  licitum  per  *nautas,  qui 
tempestatem  praetermittere  noluerunt. 

Be  cheerful^   Terentia  ;  I  have  done  no  wrong.     But  I  cannot 
cheer  myself. 

15  Quod  reliquum  est,  sustenta  te,  mea  Terentia,  ut 
potes  honestissime.  Yiximus,  floruimus ;  non  vitium 
nostrum,  sed  virtus  nostra  nos  adflixit ;  peccatum  est 
nullum,  nisi  quod  non  una  animam  cum  ornamentis 
amisimus;    sed  si  hoc  fuit  llberls   nostris   gratius,  nos 

20  vivere,  cetera,  quamquam  ferenda  non  sunt,  feramus. 
"^AtquI  ego,  qui  te  conflrmo,  ipse  me  non  possum. 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAB.  O 

My  servants  are  faithful. 

6.  *Clodium  *  Philetaerum,  quod  valetudine  oculorum 
impediebatur,  hominem  fidelem,  remisi.  *  Sallustius 
officio  vincit  omnis.  *Pescennius  est  *  perbenevolus 
nobis,  quem  semper  spero  tul  fore  *  observantem. 
♦Sicca  dixerat  se  mecum  fore,  sed  Brundisio  discessit.  5 
Cura,  quod  potes,  ut  valeas  et  sic  existimes,  me  vehe- 
mentius  tua  miseria  quam  meS,  commoveri.  Mea 
Terentia,  *fldissima  atque  optima  uxor,  et  mea  caris- 
sima  *flliola  et  spes  reliqua  nostra,  Cicero,  valete. 
Pr.  K.  Mai.     Brundisio.  10 

IV.     {Fam.  VII.  6.) 

Villa  at  Cumae,  or  at  Pompeii,  May,  54  b.c. 

Oood  advice  to  Trebatius,      Persevere.      I  will  help  you  still. 
Look  out  for  those  chariot  men. 

CICERO    S.    D.  »TREBATIO. 

In  omnibus  mels  *epistolis  quas  ad  Caesarem  aut  ad 
*Balbum  mitto,  legitima  quaedam  est  *accessio  com- 
mendationis  tuae,  nee  ea  *volgaris,  sed  cum  aliquo 
Inslgnl  indicio  meae  erga  tS  benevolentiae.  Tu  modo 
♦ineptias  istas  et  desideria  urbis  et  *urbanitatis  de-i5 
pone,  et,  quo  consilio  profectus  es,  id  adsiduitate  et 
virtute  consequere:  hoc  tibi  iam  ignosc6mus  nos  amici, 
quam  ignoverunt  Medeae, 

Quae  Corinthum  arcem   altam   habebant,  matronae 
*opulentae,  optimates,  20 


6  M.   TULLl   CICERONIS 

quibus   ilia  manibus  *  gypsatissimis   persuasit,   ne   sibi 
vitio  illae  ^verterent,  quod  abesset  a  patria;  nam 

Multi  suam  rem  bene  gessere   et  publicam  patria 
procul ; 
")         Multi,   qui   domi   aetatem   agerent,   propterea   sunt 
improbati. 

Quo  in  numero  tti  certe  fuisses,  nisi  te  *  extrtisissemus. 

2.    Sed  plura  scrlbemus  *  alias.     Tu  qui  ceteris  cavere  di- 

dicisti,  in  *  Britannia  ne  ab  *  essedarils  *  decipiaris  caveto 

10  et,  quoniam  Medeam  coepi  agere,  illud  semper  memento ; 

Qui  ipse  sibi  sapiens  prodesse  non  *quit,  *nequlquam 
^  sapit. 

Cura,  ut  valeas. 

V.     {Fam.  VII.  7.) 

Rome,  late  in  June,  54  b.c. 

I  help;  hut  the  best  help  is  your  own  toil  and  good  behavior. 

CICERO    TREBATIO. 

Ego  te  commendare  non  desisto,  sed  quid  proficiam, 
15  ex  te  scire  cupio :  spem  maximam  habeo  in  Balbo,  ad 
quern  de  te  dlligentissime  et  saepissime  scrlbo.  Illud 
soleo  mirarl,  non  me  totiens  accipere  tuas  litteras,  quo- 
tiens  a  *QuInto  mihi  fratre  adferuntur.  In  Britannia 
nihil  esse  audio  neque  aurl  neque  argenti:  id  si  ita  est, 
20  *  essedum  aliquid  capias  suadeo  et  ad  nos  quam  primum 
*recurras.  Sin  autem  sine  Britannia  tamen  adsequi 
quod  volumus,  possumus,  perfice  ut  sis  in  familiaribus 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  7 

Caesaris :  miiltum  te  in  eo  frater  adiuvabit  meus,  multum 
Balbus,  sed,  mihi  crede,  tuus  pudor  et  labor  plurimum. 
Imperatorem  habes  llberalissimum,  aetatem  *  opportunis- 
simam,  coramendationem  certe  singularem,  ut  tibi  tinum 
timendum  sit,  ne  ipse  tibi  defuisse  videare.  6 

VI.     {Fam.  XVI.  9.) 

Bnmdisium,  November  28,  60  b.c. 

A  safe  and  bright  voyage  after  the  storm. 

TULLIUS   ET   CICERO   *TiRONi   SUO   SAL.   PLUR.   DIC. 

Nos  a  te,  ut  scis,  discessimus  a.  d.  IIII  *Non.  Nov. 
*Leucadem  venimus  a.  d.  *VIII  Id.  Nov.,  a.  d.  *VII 

*  Actium ;    ibi    propter    tempestatem    a.   d.  *  VI.    Idus 
*morati   sumus.      Inde  a.  d.  *V  Id.  *Corcyram  *bel- 
lissime  navigavimus.     Corcyrae  fuimus  usque  ad  a.  d.  lo 
*XVI  K.  *Dec.,  tempestatibus  retentl.     A.  d.  *XV  K. 
in  portum  Corcyraeorum  ad  *Cassiop€n  *  stadia  *CXX 

*  processimus ;  ibI  retentl  ventis  sumus  usque  ad  a.  d. 
Vim  K.  —  interea,  qui  cupide  profectl  sunt,  multi 
♦naufragia  fecerunt.  Nos  eo  die  *cenatl  solvimus;16 
inde  *austro  lenissimo,  caelo  *sereno  nocte  ilia  et  die 
postero  in  Italiam  ad  *Hydruntem  *ludibundi  perve- 
nimus,  eodemque  vento  *postrIdie  —  id  erat  a.  d.  VII 
K.  Dec.  —  hora  IIII  Brundisium  venimus,  eodemque 
tempore  simul  nobiscum  in  oppidum  *  introiit  Terentia,  20 
quae  te  facit  plurimi.      A.  d.  *V  K.  Dec.  servus  Cn. 

*  Plane!  BrundisI  tandem  aliquando  mihi  a  t6  exspecta- 
tissimas  litteras  reddidit  datas   Idibus  Nov.,  quae   me 


8  M.   TULLI   CICERONIS 

molestia  valde  levarunt,  utinam  omnino  liberassent ! 
Sed  tamen  ^Asclapo  "^medicus  plane  confirmat  "^pro- 
pediem  te  valentem  fore. 

Begard  your  health.    Don't  travel  too  soon. 

3.  Nunc  quid  ego  te  horter,  ut  omnem  diligentiam  ad- 
5  hibeas  ad  =*  convalescendum  ?  Tuam  prudentiam,  tempe- 
rantiam,  amorem  erga  me  novi ;  scio  te  omnia  f acttirum 
ut  nobiscum  quam  primum  sis,  sed  tamen  ita  velim,  ut 
ne  quid  properes.  =*Symphoniam  ^'^Lysonis  vellem  vi- 
tasses,  ne  in  quartam  ^hebdomada  incideres;   sed  quo- 

lOniam  pudori  tuo  maluisti  =*obsequi  quam  valetudini, 
reliqua  cura.  *  Curio  misi  ut  medico  honos  haberetur 
et  tibi  daret  quod  opus  esset;  me,  cui  iussisset,  ctira- 
ttirum.  =*Equum  et  *mulum  Brundisi  tibi  reliqui. 
Eomae  vereor  ne  ex  K.  Jan.  magni  tumultiis  sint:   nos 

isagemus  omnia  *modice.  4.  Eeliquum  est  ut  te  hoc 
rogem  et  a  te  petam,  ne  temere  naviges  —  solent  *nau- 
tae  *  festinare  quaesttis  sui  causa,  —  cautus  sis,  mi 
Tiro  —  mare  magnum  et  difficile  tibi  restat,  —  si  pote- 
ris,    cum   *  Mescinio  —  "*  caute    is    solet    navigare,  —  si 

20  minus,  cum  honesto  aliquo  homine,  cuius  auctoritate 
navicularius  moveatur.  In  hoc  omnem  diligentiam  si 
adhibueris  teque  nobis  incolumem  steteris,  omnia  a  te 
habebo.  Etiam  atque  etiam,  noster  Tiro,  vale.  Me- 
dico, Curio,  Lysoni  de  te  scrips!  diligentissime.     Yale, 

25  *  salve. 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  9 

VII.     {Fam.  XIV.  18.) 

Formiae,  January  22,  49  b.c. 

Consider^  dear^  whaVs  best  to  do. 

TULLIUS    *TERENTIAE    SUAE   ET    PATER  *  SUAVISSIMAE 
FILIAE,   CICERO    MATRl   ET    SORORI   S.    D.   PLUR. 

Considerandum  vobis  etiam  atque  etiam,  animae  meae, 
diligenter  puto,  quid  faciatis,  Romaene  sitis  an  mecum 
an  aliquo  tuto  loco:  id  non  solum  meum  consilium  est, 
sed  etiam  vestrum.  Mihi  veniunt  in  mentem  haec : 
Romae  vos  esse  ttito  posse  per  *Dolabellam  eamque  5 
rem  posse  nobis  adiumento  esse,  si  quae  vis  aut  si 
quae  rapinae  fieri  coeperint;  sed  rursus  illud  me  movet, 
quod  video  omnis  bonos  abesse  Roma  et  eos  mulierSs 
suas  secum  habere;  haec  autem  regio,  in  qua  ego  sum, 
nostrorum  est  cum  oppidorum  tum  etiam  praediorum,  lo 
ut  et  multum  esse  mecum  et,  cum  abieritis,  commode  in 
nostrls  praediis  esse  possitis.  2.  Mihi  plane  non  satis 
constat  adhtic  utrum  sit  melius;  vos  videte,  quid  alias 
faciant  isto  loco  feminae,  et  ne,  cum  velitis,  exire  non 
liceat ;  id  velim  diligenter  etiam  atque  etiam  voblscum  15 
et  cum  amlcis  consideretis. 

Defend  the  house.    Write  me  daily. 

Domus  ut  propugnacula  et  praesidium  habeat,  *Philo- 
timo  dicetis;   et  velim  tabellarios  instituatis  certos,  ut 
cotldie  aliquas  a  vobis  litteras  accipiam ;  maxime  autem 
date  operam   ut  valeatis,  si  nos  vultis  valere.      Villi  20 
Kal.  *rormiis. 


10  M.    TULLI   CICERONIS 

YIII.      (Att  YIII.   11,   C.) 

Apulia,  February  20,  49  b.c. 
The  consuls  have  joined  us.     Come  at  once. 

CN.    MAGNUS    PROCOS.   S.    D.   M.    CICERONI    IMP. 

S.  V.  b.  e.  Tuas  litteras  libenter  legl ;  recognovi  enim 
tuam  pristinam  virttitein  etiam  in  salute  communl.  Coii- 
sules  ad  eum  exercitiim,  quern  in  Apulia  habui,  venerunt. 
Magno  opere  te  hortor  pro  tuo  singular!  perpetuoque  stu- 
5  dio  in  rem  publicam  ut  te  ad  nos  confer  as,  ut  commfini 
consilio  rei  publicae  adfllctae  opem  atque  auxilium  fera- 
mus.  Censeo  via  Appia  iter  facias  et  celeriter  Brundi- 
sium  venias. 

IX.     (Att.  IX.  6,  A.) 

On  the  way  to  Brundisium,  about  March  5,  49  b.c. 

Pardon  my  haste.     Let  me  see  you  at  Borne. 

CAESAR   IMP.    S.    D.    CICERONI   IMP. 

Cum  *  Furnium  nostrum  tantum  vidissem,  neque  loqul 
10  neque  audire  meo  commodo  potuissem,  ^  properarem  at- 
que essem  in  itinere  praemissis  iam  legionibus,  praeterire 
tamen  non  potui  quin  et  scrlberem  ad  te  et  ilium  mit- 
terem  gratiasque  agerem,  etsi  hoc  et  feci  saepe  et  saepius 
mihi  facttirus  videor:  ita  de  me  mereris.  Imprimis  a 
15  te  peto,  quoniam  confido  me  celeriter  ad  urbem  ventfi- 
rum,  ut  te  ibi  videam,  ut  tuo  consilio,  gratia,  dignitate, 
ope  omnium  rerum  uti  possim.  Ad  propositum  revertar ; 
festinationi  meae  brevitatique  litterarum  ignosces;  reli- 
qua  ex  Furnio  cognosces. 


EPISTOLAE  SELECT AE.  11 

X.      (AtL  IX.  11,  A.) 

Formiae,  March  17,  49  b.c.     (Reply  to  the  last.) 

At  your  service,  if  you  wish  to  make  peace  with  Pompey. 

CICERO    IMP.    S.    D.    CAESARI    IMP. 

Ut  legi  tuas  litteras,  quas  a  Fiirnio  nostro  acceperam, 
quibus  mecum  agebas  ut  ad  urbera  essem,  te  velle  titi 
consilio  et  dignitate  mea,  minus  sum  admiratus ;  de 
gratia  et  de  ope  quid  *  significares,  mecum  ipse  quae- 
rebam ;  spe  tamen  deducebar  ad  earn  cogitationem  ut  te  5 
pro  tua  admirabili  ac  singularl  sapientia  de  otio,  de 
pace,  de  concordia  civium  agi  velle  arbitrarer,  et  ad 
eam  rationem  existimabam  satis  aptam  esse  et  naturam 
et  personam  meam. 

2.  Quod  SI  ita  est  et  si  qua  de  Pompeio  nostro  tuendo  10 
et  tibi  ac  rei  publicae  *  reconciliando  cura  te  attingit, 
magis  idoneum,  quam  ego  sum,  ad  eam  causam  profecto 
reperies  neminem,  qui  et  illi  semper  et  senatui,  cura 
primum  potui,  pacis  auctor  fui  nee  sumptis  armis  belli 
ullam  partem  attigi  itidicavique  eo  bello  te  violari,  con- 15 
tra  cuius  honorem  popull  RomanI  beneficio  concessum 
inimici  atque  invidi  *nlterentur. 

But  you  and  he  are  both  my  friends.    Wherefore,  I  beg  you,  become 
his  friend,  that  I  may  remain  the  friend  of  you  both. 

Sed,  ut  eo  tempore  non  modo  ipse  *fautor  dignitatis 
tuae  fuI,  verum  etiam  ceteris  auctor  ad  te  adiuvandum, 
sic  me  nunc  Pompei  dignitas  vehementer  movet ;  aliquot  20 
enim  sunt  anni,  cum  vos  duo  delegl  quos  praecipue  cole- 


12  M.   TULLI   CICERONIS 

rem  et  quibus  essem,  sicut  sum,  amicissimus.  3.  Quam- 
obrem  a  te  peto,  vel  potius  omnibus  te  precibus  oro  et 
*obtestor,  ut  in  tuis  maximis  ctiris  aliquid  *impertias 
temporis  huic  quoque  cogitation!,  ut  tuo  beneficio  bonus 
5vir,  gratus,  ^pius  denique  esse  in  maximi  benefici  me- 
moria  possim ;  quae  si  tantum  ad  me  ipsum  pertinerent, 
sperarem  me  a  te  tamen  impetrattirum ;  sed,  ut  arbitror, 
et  ad  tuam  fidem  et  ad  rem  ptiblicam  pertinet  me  ex 
panels   et   ad  utrlusque  ve strum   et   ad  civium  concor- 

10  diam  per  te  quam  accommodatissimum  conservari.  Ego, 
cum  antea  tibi  de  Lentulo  gratias  egissem,  quod  ei  saltiti, 
qui  mihi  fuerat  fuisses,  tum  lectis  eius  litteris,  quas  ad 
me  gratissimo  animo  de  tua  liberalitate  beneficioque 
misit,  eandem  me  saltitem  a  te  accepisse  putavi  quam 

15  ille ;  in  quem  si  m6  intellegis  esse  gratum,  cura,  obse- 
cro,  ut  etiam  in  Pompeium  esse  possim. 

XI.     (Att  IX.  16.) 

Formiae,  March  26,  49  b.c. 

Just  to  save  omitting  one  day''s  letter. 

CICERO    ATTICO    SAL. 

Cum  quod  scriberem  ad  te  nihil  haberem,  tamen,  ne 
quem  diem  ^intermitterem,  has  dedi  litteras.  A.  d.  YI 
K.  Caesarem  "^Sinuessae  mansurum  *nuntiabant;  ab  eo 
20  mihi  litterae  redditae  sunt  a.  d.  VII  K.,  quibus  iam 
"  opes "  meas,  non,  ut  superioribus  litteris  '^  opem " 
exspectat.  Cum  eius  clementiam  *  Corfiniensem  illam 
per  litteras  *  conlaudavissem,  *  rescripsit  hoc  exemplo  : 

"  CAESAR    IMP.    CICERONI    IMP.    SAL.   DIC." 


EPISTOLAE   SELECTAE.  13 

I  triumph  with  joy  that  you  approve  me. 

2.  Recte  *  auguraris  de  me  —  bene  enim  tibi  cognitus 
sum  —  nihil  a  me  abesse  longius  crudelitate,  atque  ego 
cum  ex  ipsa  re  magnam  capio  voluptatem,  tum  meum 
factum  probari  abs  te  triumpho  gaudio.  Neque  illud 
mS  movet,  quod  ei  qui  a  me  dimissi  sunt  discessisse  5 
dicuntur,  ut  mihi  rursus  bellum  inferrent;  nihil  enim 
male  quam  et  me  mel  similem  esse  et  illos  sul. 

Come  to  Borne  and  counsel  me. 

3.  Tu  velim  mihi  ad  urbeni  praesto  sis,  ut  tuis  consi- 
liis  atque  opibus,  ut  *c6nsuevl,  in  omnibus  r6bus  titar. 

*  Dolabella  tuo  nihil  sclto  mihi   esse   iucundius ;    hanc  lo 
adeo   habebo   gratiam   illl ;    neque   enim   *  aliter   facere 
poterit ;   tanta  eius  humanitas,  is  sensus,  ea  in  me  est 
benevolentia. 

XII.     {Fam.  XIV.  17.) 

Brundisium,  December  18,  48  b.c. 

There  is  nothing  to  write.     Good-bye. 

TULLIUS   *TERENTIAE    SUAE   S.    D. 

S.  V.  b.  e.  e.  v.     Si  quid  haberem  quod  ad  t6  scrlbe- 
rem,  facerem  id  et  pluribus  verbis  et  saepius.      Nunc,  15 
quae  sint  negotia,  vides.     Ego  autem  quomodo  sim  affec- 
tus,  ex  *Lepta  et  Trebatio  poteris  cognoscere.     Tu  fac 
ut  tuam  et  Tulliae  valettidinem  cures.     Vale. 


14  M.   TULLI  CICERONIS 

XIII.     (Fam.  XIV.  20.) 

Villa  at  Venusia,  October  1,  47  b.c. 

Have  the  tub  in  the  bathroom. 

TULLIUS    S.    D.    *TEIIENTIAE    SUAE. 

In  *  Tusculanum  nos  venttiros  putamus  aut  Nonis 
aut  *  postrldie :  ibi  ut  sint  omnia  parata,  pltires  enim 
fortasse  nobiscum  erunt  et,  ut  arbitror,  diutius  ibi 
commorabimuro  "^Labrum  si  in  ^^balineo  non  est,  ut 
5  sit,  item  cetera  quae  sunt  ad  *  victura  et  ad  valettidinem 
necessaria.     Vale.     K.  *Oct.  de  *Venusmo. 

XIV.     (Fam.  IX.  20.) 
Rome,  early  in  August,  46  b.c. 
Glad  you  can  smile  once  more. 

CICERO    *PAETO. 

*Dupliciter  delectatus  sum  tuis  litteris,  et  quod  ipse 
*risi  et  quod  te  intellexi  iam  posse  ridere;  me  autem 
a  te,  ut  *scurram  =*velitem,  malls  *oneratum  esse  non 
10  moleste  tuli :  illud  doleo,  in  ista  loca  venire  me,  ut 
constitueram,  non  potuisse:  habuisses  enim  non  *liospi- 
tem  sed  "*  contubernalem. 

No  more  dyspeptic  about  me! 

At  quem  virum  !   non  eum,  quern  tu  es  solitus  *  pro- 
mulside  conficere  :    integram  f  amem  ad  *  ovum  adf  ero, 
15itaque  usque  ad  *assum  "^vitulinum  opera  perducitur. 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  15 

Ilia  mea,  quae  solebas  antea  laudare,  "  0  hominem 
*  f acilem  !  0  *  hospitem  non  gravem  ! "  abierunt.  Nam 
omnem  nostrara  de  republica  ctiram,  cogitationem  de 
dicenda  in  senatu  sententia,  *  commentationem  causa- 
rum  abiecimus,  in  *Epiciiri  nos  adversari  nostri  castra  5 
coniecimus,  nee  tamen  ad  banc  insolentiam,  sed  ad  illam 
tuam  *lautitiam,  veterem  dico,  cum  in  sumptum  habe- 
bas,  etsi  numquam  plura  praedia  habuisti. 

Make  ready.      No  more  crackers  and  figs.     I^m  in  the  Hirtius 
class  now. 

2.  Proinde  te  para.  Cum  homine  et  *edaci  tibi  res 
est  et  qui  iam  aliquid  intellegat;  *  6i(/Lfjia6c2s  autem  homi-io 
n6s  scis  quam  insolentes  sint.  *Dediscendae  tibi  sunt 
*sportellae  et  *artolagani  tui.  Nos  iam  ex  arte  ista 
tantum  habemus,  ut  *  Verrium  tuum  et  *  Camillum  — 
qua  *munditia  homines,  qua  *elegantia! — vocare  sae- 
pius  audeamus.  Sed  vide  audaciam ;  etiam  *  Hirtio  15 
cenam  dedi,  sine  *  pavone  tamen ;  in  ea  cena  *  cocus 
mens  praeter  itis  *fervens  nihil  non  potuit  imitarl. 

After  morning  calls  I  read,  write,  teach,  and  exercise. 

Haec  igitur  est  nunc  vita  nostra:  mane  salutamus 
domi  et  bonos  viros  multos,  sed  *tristTs,  et  hos 
*laetos  victores,  qui  me  quidem  *perofficiose  et  *pera-20 
manter  *  observant ;  ubi  *  salutatio  *  defluxit,  litteras 
me  *  involve;  aut  scribo  aut  lego:  veniunt  etiam,  qui 
me  audiant  quasi  doctum  hominem,  quia  paulo  sum 
quam  ipsi  doctior :  inde  corporl  omne  tempus  datur. 
Patriam  *eluxl  iam  et   gravius   et   diutius,  quam  ulla25 


16  M.    TULLI   CICERONIS 

mater  *unicum  f Ilium.  Sed  cura,  si  me  amas,  ut 
valeas,  ne  ego  te  iacente  bona  tua  *comedim:  statui 
enim  tibi  ne  "^aegroto  quidem  parcere. 

XV.  {Fam.  XIII.  2^.) 
Introducing  Prince  Hagesaretus. 

CICERO    SERVIO    SAL. 

*  Hagesaretus  =*Lariseus,  magnis  meis  beneficils  orna- 
5  tus  in  consulatu  meo,  memor  et  gratus  fuit  meque  postea 
dlligentissime  coluit.  Eum  tibi  magno  opere  commendo 
ut  et  hospitem  meum  et  familiarem  et  gratum  homi- 
nem  et  virum  bonum  et  principem  civitatis  suae  et  tua 
necessitudine  dignissimum.  =*Pergratum  mihi  feceris, 
10  SI  dederis  operam  ut  is  intellegat  banc  meam  commen- 
dationem  magnum  apud  te  =*pondus  habuisse. 

XVI.  (Fam.  IX.  17.) 
Rome,  middle  or  last  of  August,  46  b.c. 

Ask  Balhus.     Then  you  will  he  able  to  tell  me. 

CICERO    PAETO. 

Non  tti  homo  ridiculus  es,  qui,  cum  "^Balbus  noster 
apud  te  fuerit,  ex  me  quaeras  quid  de  istis  munici- 
pils  et  agrls  futurum  putem;  quasi  aut  ego  quidquam 
I5sciam  quod  iste  nesciat,  aut,  si  quid  aliquando  scio, 
non  ex  isto  soleam  scire.  Immo  vero,  si  me  amas,  tu 
fac  ut  sciam  quid  de  nobis  futurum  sit;  habuisti  enim 
in  tua  potestate  ex  quo  vel  ex  sobrio  vel  certe  ex 
*ebrio  scire  posses. 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  '        17 

I  make  no  complaint.     To  live  at  all  is  clear  gain.     Even 
Caesar  cannot  do  as  he  loishes. 

Sed  ego  ista,  ml  Paete,  non  quaero,  prlmum  quia  d6 
*lucro  prope  iam  *  quadriennium  vivimus,  si  aut  hoc 
lucrum  est  aut  haec  vita,  *  superstitem  rei  ptiblicae 
vivere;  deinde  quod  scire  ego  quoque  mihi  videor  quid 
futurum  sit,  fiet  enim  quodcumque  voleut,  qui  vale-  5 
bunt,  valebunt  autem  semper  arma.  Satis  igitur  nobis 
esse  debet,  quidquid  conceditur:  hoc  si  qui  pati  non 
potuit,  mori  debuit.  2.  *Veientem  quidem  agrum 
et  *  Capenatem  *  metiuntur ;  hoc  non  longg  abest  a 
*  Tusculano ;  nihil  tamen  timeo ;  f ruor,  dum  licet,  lo 
opto,  ut  semper  liceat;  si  id  minus  contigerit  tamen, 
quoniam  ego,  vir  fortis  Idemque  philosophus,  vivere 
pulcherrimum  duxl,  non  possum  eum  non  dlligere 
cuius  beneficio  id  consecutus  sum;  qui  si  cupiat  esse 
rem  publicam,  qualem  fortasse  et  ille  vult  et  omn6si5 
optare  debemus,  quid  faciat  tamen  non  habet;  ita  se 
cum  multis  conligavit.  3.  Sed  longius  progredior ; 
scrlbo  enim  ad  t6.  Hoc  tamen  scito,  non  modo  me, 
qui  consilils  non  intersum,  sed  ne  ipsum  quidem  prln- 
cipem  scire  quid  futurum  sit;  nos  enim  illl  servlmus, 20 
ipse  temporibus;  ita  nee  ille  quid  tempora  postulatura 
sint,  nee  nos  quid  ille  cogitet,  scire  possumus. 

Hope  for  the  best;  provide  for  the  worst;  bear  all. 

Haec  tibi  antea  non  *rescrlpsl,  non  quo  *cessator 
esse  solerem,  praesertim  in  litterls,  sed  cum  explorati 
nihil   haberem   nee   tibi    sollicitudinem   ex    dubitatione  25 


18         '  M.    TULLI   CICERONIS 

inea  nee  spem  ex  *  adf Irmatione  adferre  volui.  Illud 
tain  en  adscribam,  quod  est  verissimum,  me  his  tempo, 
ribus  adhtic  de  isto  periculo  nihil  audisse.  Tti  tamen 
pro  tua  sapientia  debebis  optare  optima,  cogitare  diffi- 
scillima,  ferre  quaecumque  erunt. 


XVII.     (Fam.  IV.  6.) 

Atticus's  villa  at  Ficulea,  near  Rome.     Toward  the  middle  of 
April,  45  B.C. 

Fes,  I  wish  you  had  been  here.     Your  son  has  comforted  me, 
and  your  sympathy  does. 

M.    CICERO    S.    D.    SER.    SULPICIO. 

Ego  vero,  ServT,  vellem,  iit  scribis,  in  meo  gravissimo 
casu  adfuisses;  quantum  enim  praesens  me  adiuvare 
potueris  et  consolando  et  prope  aeque  dolendo,  facile 
ex    eo    intellego,    quod    litteris   lectls    aliquantum   *ad- 

loquievi.  Nam  et  ea  scrlpsisti,  quae  levare  ''^luctum 
possent,  et  in  me  consolando  non  mediocrem  ipse 
animi  dolorem  adhibuisti.  ^Servius  tamen  tuus  omni- 
bus officiis,  quae  ill!  tempori  tribui  potuerunt  declara- 
vit  et   quanti  ipse   me   faceret   et    quam    suum    talem 

I5erga  me  animum  tibi  gratum  putaret  fore;  cuius  offi- 
cia  iucundiora  scilicet  saepe  mihi  fuerunt,  numquam 
tamen  gratiora.  Me  autem  non  oratio  tua  solum  et 
societas  paene  *  aegritudinis,  sed  etiam  auctoritas  con- 
solatur ;    turpe    enim   esse   existimo   me   non   ita   ferre 

20casum  meum,  ut  tti,  tali  sapientia  praeditus,  ferendum 
putas. 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  19 


Others  afflicted  had  some  prop  left.     My  last  stay  and  hope  is 
gone.     Fresh  griefs  revive  old  ones. 

Sed  opprimor  interdum  et  vix  resisto  dolori,  quod  ea 
me  solacia  deficiunt,  quae  ceteris,  quorum  mihi  exempla 
propono,  simili  in  fortuna  non  defuerunt:  nam  et  Q. 
Maximus,  qui  filium  consularem,  clarum  virum  et  ma- 
gnis  rebus  gestis,  amisit,  et  L.  Paulus,  qui  duo  *septem  5 
diebus,  et  vester  Gallus  et  M.  Cato,  qui  siimmo  ingenio, 
summa  virtiite  filium  perdidit,  eis  temporibus  fuerunt,  ut 
eorum  luctum  ipsorum  dignitas  consolaretur  ea  quam  ex 
re  piiblica  consequebantur ;  2.  mihi  autem  amissis  orna- 
mentls  eis  quae  ipse  commemoras  quaeque  eram  maximis  lO 
laboribus  adeptus,  tinum  manebat  illud  solacium  quod  erep- 
tum  est.  Non  amicorum  negotiis,  non  rei  publicae  proctira- 
tione  impediebantur  cogitationes  meae,  nihil  in  foro  agere 
libebat,  adspicere  curiam  non  poteram,  existimabam,  id 
quod  erat,  omnis  me  et  in du striae  meae  fructus  et  forttinae  15 
perdidisse;  sed  cum  cogitarem  haec  mihi  tecum  et  cum 
quibusdam  esse  communia,  et  cum  frangerem  iam  ipse 
me  cogeremque  ilia  ferre  *toleranter,  habebam  quo  *con- 
fugerem,  ubi  conquiescerem,  cuius  in  sermone  et  *suavi- 
tate  omnis  ctiras  dolor^sque  deponerem.  Nunc  autem  hoc  20 
tarn  gravl  volnere  etiam  ilia,  quae  *consanuisse  videban- 
tur,  *  recrudescunt ;  non  enim,  ut  tum  m6  3,  re  public^ 
*  maestum  domus  excipiebat,  quae  levaret,  sic  nunc  domo 
*maerens  ad  rem  publicam  *confugere  possum,  ut  in  6ius 
bonis  *  adquiescam.  Itaque  et  domo  absum  et  foro,  quod  25 
nee  eum  dolorein  quem  de  re  publica  capio  domus  iam 
consolari  potest  nee  domesticum  res  publica. 


20  M.   TULLI  CICERONIS 

I  long  for  the  comfort  of  your  presence.     We  can  plan,  too,  our 
behavior  towards  our  kind  tyrant. 

3.  Quo  magis  te  exspecto  teque  videre  quam  primum 
cupio ;  maius  mihi  solacium  adferri  ratio  nulla  potest  quam 
couiunctio  consuetudinis  sermonumque  nostrorum ;  quam- 
quam  sperabam  tuum  adventum  —  sic  enim  audiebam  — 

5  appropinquare.  Ego  autem  cum  multls  de  causis  te  *exopto 
quam  primum  videre,  tum  etiam  ut  ante  =*  commentemur 
inter  nos  qua  ratione  nobis  *  tradticendum  sit  hoc  tempus, 
quod  est  totum  ad  unius  voluntatem  accommodandum  et 
prudentis  et  liberalis  et,  ut  perspexisse  videor,  nee  a  me 

10  alien!  et  tibi  amicissimi ;  quod  cum  ita  sit,  magnae  tamen 
est  dellberationis  quae  ratio  sit  ineunda  nobis  non  agendi 
aliquid  sed  illius  *  concessti  et  beneficio  quiescendl.    Vale. 

XVIII.  {Fam.  VI.  15.) 
Rome.    The  Ides  of  March. 

Delighted. 

CICERO   *BASILO    SAL. 

Tibi  gratulor,  mihi  gaudeo;  te  amo,  tua  tueor;  a  te 
amari  et  quid  agas  quidque  agatur  certior  fieri  volo. 

XIX.  {Fam.  VII.  22.) 

Tusculan  villa,  perhaps,  in  the  latter  part  of  June,  44  b.c. 
I  looked  it  up. 

CICERO    TREBATIO    SAL. 

15  *  Inluseras  *  heri  inter  *  scyphos,  quod  dixeram  contro- 
versiam  esse  possetne  *heres,  quod  furtum  antea  factum 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  21 

esset,  furti  rect6  agere.  Itaque,  etsi  domum  bene 
*p6tu8  seroque  redieram,  tamen  id  caput,  iibi  haec  con- 
troversia  est,  notavi  et  descriptum  tibi  mlsi,  ut  scires 
id  quod  tu  neminem  sensisse  dlcgbas,  Sex.  *Aelium,  W. 
♦Manllium,  M.  Brutum  sensisse.  Ego  tamen  *Scaevo- 
lae  et  Testae  adsentior. 


XX.     (Fam.  XI.  5.) 

Borne,  soon  after  December  9,  44  b.c. 

Out  of  town  when  Lupus  came  and  went^  hut  Pansa  gives  me 
good  news. 

M.    CICERO    S.    D.    D.    BRUTO    IMP.    COS.    DESIG. 

*  Lupus  familiaris  noster  cum  a  te  venisset  cumque 
Romae  quosdam  dies  commoraretur,  ego  eram  in  eis  locTs, 
in  quibus  maxime  tuto  me  esse  arbitrabar.  Eo  factum 
est,  ut  ad  te  Lupus  sine  meis  litteris  rediret,  cum  tamen  lo 
curasset  tuas  ad  me  perferendas.  Eomam  autem  veni  a.  d. 
V  Idus  Dec,  nee  habul  quidquam  antiquius  quam  ut 
*Pansam  statim  convenlrem,  ex  quo  ea  de  te  cognovl 
quae  md.xim@  optaram. 

Do  your  utm,ost.    If  Antony  gets  his  province,  all  is  lost. 

Quarg  *hortatione  tti  quidem  non  eges,  si  ne  in  ilia  15 
quidem  r6,  quae  a  tg  gesta  est  post  hominum  memoriam 
maxima,  *hortat6rem  deslderasti;  2.  illud  tamen  breviter 
*  significandum  videtur,  populum  Romanum  omnia  a  te 
exspectare  atque  in  te  aliquando  recuperandae  libertatis 
omnem  spem  ponere.     Tti,  si  dies  noctesque  memineris,  20 


22  M.    TULLI   CICERONIS 

quod  te  facere  certo  scio,  quantam  rem  gesseris,  non  obll- 
viscere  profecto  quantae  tibi  etiam  nunc  gerendae  sint; 
si  enim  iste  provinciam  nactus  erit,  cui  quidem  ego  sem- 
per amicus  fui,  ante  quam  ilium  intellexl  non  modo  aperte, 
5  sed  etiam  libenter  cum  re  ptiblica  bellum  gerere,  spem 
reliquam  nullam  video  saltitis.  3.  Quamobrem  te  obsecro 
elsdem  precibus  quibus  senatus  populusque  Eomanus,  ut 
in  perpetuum  rem  publicam  *  dominatti  regio  liberes,  ut 
prIncipiTs  consentiant  exitus.  Tuum  est  hoc  munus,  tuae 
10  partes ;  a  te  hoc  ci vitas  vel  omnes  potius  gentes  non  ex- 
spectant  solum,  sed  etiam  postulant. 

I  will  do  my  whole  part. 

Quamquam,  cum  hortatione  non  egeas,  ut  *  supra 
scripsi,  non  utar  ea  pltiribus  verbis,  faciam  illud  quod 
meum  est,  ut  tibi  omnia  mea  officia,  studia,  curas,  cogita- 

15  tiones  pollicear,  quae  ad  tuum  laudem  et  gloriam  pertine- 
bunt.  Quamobrem  velim  tibi  ita  persuadeas,  me  cum  rei 
ptiblicae  causa,  quae  mihi  vita  mea  est  carior,  tum  quod 
tibi  ipsi  faveam  tuamque  dignitatem  amplificari  velim, 
tuis   optimis   consiliis,  amplitudini,   gloriae   ntillo   loco 

20  def  uturum. 

XXI.     (Fam.  X.  28.) 
Rome,  about  February  2,  43  b.c. 
No  leavings^  if  I  had  been  there. 

CICERO    *TREB0NI0    SAL. 

Quam  veil  em  ad  illas  pulcherrimas  *  epulas  me  Tdibus 
*  Martiis  invitasses  !    *  Eeliquiarum  nihil  haberemus.    At 


EPISTOLAE  SELECTAE.  23 

nunc  cum  eis  tantum  negoti  est,  ut  vestrum  illud  divinum 
in  rem  ptiblicam  beneficium  nonnuUam  habeat  querelam. 
Quod  v6r6  a  t6,  viro  optimo,  *  seductus  est  tuoque  benefi- 
cio  adhtic  vivit  haec  pestis,  interdum,  quod  mihi  vix  fas 
est,  tibi  *subirascor;  mihi  enim  negoti  plus  reliquisti  5 
uni  quam  praeter  me  omnibus.  Ut  enim  primum  post 
Antoni  foedissimum  discessum  senatujs  haberi  libere  po- 
tuit,  ad  ilium  animum  meum  reverti  pristinum,  quem  tu 
cum  civi  acerrimo,  patre  tuo,  in  ore  et  am  ore  semper  habu- 
isti;  2.  nam,  cum  senatum  a.  d.  *xiii  Kalendas  Janu-io 
arias  tribuni  pi.  vocavissent  deque  alia  re  referrent,  totam 
rem  ptiblicam  sum  complex  us  egique  acerrimg  senatum- 
que  iam  *  langueiitem  et  defessum  ad  pristinam  virtutem 
consuettidinemque  revocavi  magis  animi  quam  ingeni  viri- 
bus.  Hic  dies  meaque  contentio  atque  *  actio  spem  pri- 15 
mum  populo  Eomano  attulit  libertatis  recuperandae ;  nee 
vero  ipse  postea  tempus  tillum  *  intermisi  de  re  publica 
non  cogitandi  sOlum,  sed  etiam  agendl. 

The  Senate  is  a  power  for  us ;  not  so  the  ex-consuls ;  the  consuls 
are  Jine,  but  Antony  is  endless  in  evil. 

3.  Quod  nisi  res  urbanSs  actaque  omnia  ad  t6  perferri 
arbitrarer,  ipse  perscrlberem,  quamquam  eram  maximis20 
*  occupationibus  impeditus.  Sed  ilia  cognosces  ex  alils ; 
a  m6  pauca,  et  ea  *  summatim :  habemus  f ortem  senatum, 
consularis  partim  timidos,  partim  male  sentientes ;  ma- 
gnum *  damnum  factum  est  in  Servio ;  L.  Caesar  optime 
sentit,  sed,  quod  *  avunculus  est,  non  acerrimas  dicit  sen-  25 
tentias ;  consules  egregii,  praeclarus  D.  Brutus,  egregius 
puer  Caesar,  de  quo  spero  equidem  reliqua,  hoc  vero  cer- 


24  M.    TULLI   CICERONIS. 

turn  habeto,  nisi  ille  *  veteranos  celeriter  ^  conscripsisset 
legionesque  duae  de  exercitu  *Antoni  ad  eius  se  aucto- 
ritatem  contulissent  atque  is  =*oppositus  esset  terror 
Antonio,  nihil  Antonium  sceleris  nihil  crudelitatis  prae- 
5terituriim  fuisse.  Haec  tibi,  etsi  audita  esse  arbitra- 
bar,  volui  tamen  notiora  esse.  Pltira  scribam,  si  plus 
oti  habuero. 


NOTES. 

SELECTION   I. 

Page  1,  Cicero  Attico  Sal.  The  most  common  form  of 
epistolary  greeting  consisted  of  the  writer's  cognomen  in  the  nomi- 
native, as  here  (Cicero),  the  receiver's  cognomen  in  the  dative 
(Attico),  and  the  word  Salutem,  commonly  abbreviated  to  Sal., 
or  S.,  an  accusative,  object  of  the  verb  dicit,  which  was  usually 
omitted.  This  was  but  one  of  the  many  forms  of  greeting,  all 
having  the  writer's  name  in  the  nominative  and  the  receiver's 
name  in  the  dative,  but  marked  by  a  different  choice  or  combina- 
tion of  nomen,  praenomen,  cognomen,  and  by  the  use  of  additional 
words  and  titles  in  the  address,  according  to  the  degree  of  formality 
or  intimacy  which  the  writer  desired  to  express.  Illustrations  of 
this  difference  will  be  observed  in  the  greetings  occurring  in  this 
book. 

1.  L.  lulio  Caesare  .  .  .  Terentia :  On  the  dmj  that  Lucius 
Julius  Caesar  and  Gaius  Marcius  Figulus  were  elected  consuls  be 
it  known  that  I  was  blessed  with  a  little  son  and  Terentia  is  doing 
well.  The  apparent  meaning  of  the  passage  is  "in  the  consulship 
of  Caesar  and  Figulus,"  i.e.  in  the  year  64  b.c.  ;  but  the  following 
statements  concerning  the  trial  of  Catiline  and  Cicero's  own  can- 
vass help  to  show  that  the  events  belong  to  the  year  65  and  that 
designatis  is  omitted  after  consulibus,  i.e.  consuls-elect. 

Atticus,  of  course,  knew  the  particular  day  in  July  that  had  been 
set  for  the  consular  election  that  year  and  was  eagerly  awaiting 
the  returns.  Cicero,  therefore,  humorously  announces,  in  one 
brief  sentence,  the  results  of  the  election  and  the  birth  of  his  son. 
The  omission  of  designatis,  under  the  circumstances,  adds  to  the 
humor,  without  leaving  the  meaning  ambiguous. 

2.  Terentia  :  Cicero's  wife  Terentia  was  a  lady  of  distinguished 
ancestry  and  considerable  wealth,  and  in  marrying  her,  when  he 
was  still  young  (possibly  only  26)  and  not  yet  distinguished  or  rich, 


26  NOTES.  [P.  1,  1.  3 

Cicero  doubtless  felt  that  he  had  made  a  good  match.  Her  dowry 
is  stated  at  120,000  drachmae  (over  $20,000),  and  she  had  houses 
at  Rome  and  acres  at  Tusculum.  She  proved  a  virtuous  and 
practical  wife.  When  they  had  been  married  a  very  few  years, 
she  had  presented  Cicero  with  a  daughter,  Tullia,  who  grew  to 
rare  accomplishments.  Tullia  was  old  enough  to  be  betrothed 
to  Piso  in  66  b.c,  the  year  before  the  birth  of  the  little  son,  her 
brother,  announced  in  this  letter.  For  eight  or  nine  years  more 
Cicero  and  Terentia  seem  to  have  lived  in  comfort  and  content, 
but  after  Cicero's  exile  and  return  (57  b.c.)  occasions  of  dissatis- 
faction come  to  light,  and  early  in  46,  after  thirty  years  or  more  of 
married  life,  when  they  had  grandchildren,  Cicero  and  Terentia 
were  divorced.  Cicero  remarried  ;  Terentia  is  said  to  have  lived  to 
be  over  a  hundred  years  old,  and  to  have  remarried  thrice. 

3.  rationibus  :  business  and  political  affairs. 

4.  competitorem  :  More  than  a  year  before  the  date  of  this 
letter  Catiline  had  returned  from  his  propraetorship  in  Africa  to 
run  for  the  consulship  and  had  been  made  ineligible  for  the  office 
by  being  accused  of  extortion  in  Africa,  the  law  being  that  no  man 
under  such  charges  could  be  a  candidate.  At  the  election  of 
L.  Caesar  and  Figulus,  Catiline  had  not  yet  come  to  trial  and  was 
still  ineligible  ;  but  he  was  hoping  for  acquittal,  as  his  trial  was 
approaching,  the  jury  was  packed,  and  the  accusator,  P.  Clodius, 
was  working  in  the  interests  of  the  accused,  which  could  be  done  by 
challenging  such  jurors  as  were  likely  to  vote  for  conviction  and 
by  making  half-hearted  complaint.  If  Catiline  should  be  acquitted, 
then  Cicero  might  well  expect  to  find  him  a  competitor  in  the 
election  still  nearly  a  year  ahead. 

5.  defendere  cogitamus  :  There  is  no  evidence  that  Cicero 
actually  delivered  such  an  oration,  but  the  indications  are  to  the 
contrary,  that  he  changed  his  mind  about  the  matter  before  the 
day  of  trial. 

iudices  :  jurymen. 

6.  absolutus  :  acquitted. 

7.  coniunctiorem  .  .  .  nobis  .  .  .  petitionis  :  more  closely 
united  with  me  in  my  canvass.  Since  two  consuls  were  chosen  from 
among  the  candidates  at  every  consular  election,  it  was  not  un- 
common for  two  candidates  to  join  forces  aud  play  into  each  other's 


p.  1,  1.  14]  NOTES.  27 

hands,  as  seems  to  have  been  Cicero's  design  here  with  regard  to 
Catiline. 

8.  Bin  aliter  .  .  .  feremus:  but  if  it  turns  out  otherwise  I 
shall  hear  it  manfully.  Quite  "manfully,"  no  doubt,  for  in  that 
case  Catiline,  not  being  acquitted,  could  not  be  Cicero's  competitor 
at  all.  Atticus  would  appreciate  the  spirit  of  Cicero's  humorous 
resolve  to  endure. 

9.  adventu :  with  opus  est. 

nobis :  for  the  case  see  A.  &  G.  373  (231)  ;  B.  190 ;  G.  406 ; 
H.  477  III  (414,  N.  2);   HB.  374. 

10.  tuos  familiares  :  personal  friends,  probably  Crassus  and 
Caesar,  Hortensius  and  Lucullus. 

11.  honori  nostro :  to  my  preferment. 

12.  voluntatem:  favor:  literally,  will,  i.e.  goodwill. 
Usui :  dative  of  service. 

13.  lanuario :  Cicero  had  previously  arranged  with  his  friends 
for  their  support  in  this  canvass.  Born  in  106  b.c,  he  looked 
forward  to  the  election  for  63  b.c.  as  the  first  at  which  his  age 
would  enable  him  to  be  a  candidate.  We  know  the  result  of  the 
election.  Cicero  was  triumphantly  elected,  with  C.  Antonius  as 
his  colleague.  His  alliance  with  Catiline,  hinted  at  in  this  letter, 
was  not  brought  about,  and  Catiline  was  defeated,  along  with  Publius 
Galba  and  others. 

ut  constituisti  ...  sis  :  Be  sure  and  be  at  Borne  as  you've 
planned. 

14.  Romae :  locative.  For  the  form  see  A.  &  G.  43,  c  (36,  c)  ; 
B.  21,  c  ;  G.  29,  r.  2  ;  H.  78,  4,  48,  4  ;  HB.  66,  5. 


SELECTION   II. 

During  the  seven  years  which  elapsed  between  the  date  of  the 
last  letter  and  the  date  of  this  Cicero  had  been  consul,  had  crushed 
the  Catiline  conspiracy,  delivered  some  of  his  most  famous  orations, 
quarreled  with  Clodius,  and  in  return  been  banished  from  Rome 
through  Clodius's  efforts.  The  enactment  qui  civem  Bomanum  in- 
demnatum  interemisset,  et  aqua  et  igni  interdiceretur  was  adopted 
between  March  20th  and  2oth,  58  b.c.    Cicero  foresaw  it,  and  with- 


28  NOTES.  [P.  2,  1.  2 

out  attempting  violent  resistance  he  left  the  city  shortly  before  the 
hill  was  passed. 

As  exile  he  tarried  in  the  south  of  Italy  for  some  weeks  until 
driven  by  a  further  enactment  "400  miles  from  Rome."  In  the 
city  his  enemies  wrought  havoc  to  Cicero's  possessions.  His  house 
on  the  Palatine  was  torn  down  and  the  ruin  was  spread  to  his  villas 
at  Tusculum  and  Formiae.  His  wife  Terentia  was  annoyed  and 
obliged  to  seek  help  of  his  friends  and  hers,  who  were  still  many 
and  powerful. 

Cicero  in  exile  felt  keenly  his  country's  ingratitude,  and  his  let- 
ters during  its  whole  duration  are  broken-hearted. 

'  Page   2.      2.   vivo  miserrimus  :  /  live  a  most  wretched  man. 
vivo  is  here  almost  equivalent  to  sum. 

3.  quid  scribam  :  indirect  question  of  deliberation. 

4.  adsequi :  overtake. 
in  via  :  on  the  road. 

8.  me  ipsum  :  my  own  self,  as  opposed  to  (mea)  my  circum- 
stances and  possessions.  A  stoical  reflection  !  In  stoic  philosophy, 
some  views  of  which  he  shared,  Cicero  often  found  a  source  of 
comfort  to  his  tried  and  wounded  spirit. 

Cura  ut  valeas :  a  common  polite  close.  Such  expressions 
at  the  close  of  letters  are  very  frequent  and  varied  and  need 
not  be  taken  in  much  more  literal  spirit  than  our  "  Yours 
truly,"  etc. 

9.  Data  :  sc.  haec  epistola. 

VIII :  The  use  of  figures  to  express  dates  appears  to  have  been 
as  common  with  the  Romans  as  with  us.  The  figure  is  read  as  an 
ordinal  (octavum)  in  the  ace,  as  if  agreeing  with  diem,  in  the 
phrase  ante  diem,  which  was  often  expressed  in  abbreviation,  a.d., 
or  else  understood. 

Idus  :  ace.  pi.  A  fuller  form  of  expression  for  this  date  is 
ante  diem  octavum  Idus  Apriles  or  die  octavo  ante  Idus  Apriles. 
For  the  case  see  A.  &  G.  424,  g  (259,  e)  ;  B.  371,  4,  5;  G.  Appendix  ; 
H.  754  III  ff.  (642,  2)  ;  HB.  667. 

April.  :  abbreviation  of  Apriles,  adjective  in  agreement  with 
Idus. 


p.  3,  1.  3]  NOTES.  29 

SELECTION   III. 

Driven  out  of  Italy,  Cicero  went  eastward  by  way  of  Brundisium, 
the  common  port  of  departure  for  Greece  and  the  East.  Before 
sailing  he  was  entertained  for  a  fortnight,  in  retirement,  at  the 
country  house  of  M.  Laenius  Flaccus,  just  outside  the  walls  of 
Brundisium,  and  there  he  wrote  this  letter  to  his  family. 

Tullius :  This  use  in  the  salutation  of  the  nomen  (Tullius)  in- 
stead of  the  cognomen  (Cicero),  as  in  Selections  1  and  2,  is  intimate 
and  familiar  in  style.  Cicero  uses  his  nomen  only  to  his  family 
and  to  his  slave  Tiro,  who  became  his  freedman  by  manumission 
about  four  years  after  the  time  of  this  letter. 

Suis  :  dative,  in  agi-eement  with  Terentiae,  Tulliae,  and  Cice- 
roni.    The  pronoun  is  added  as  a  mark  of  affection,  "  his  dear.''"' 

10.  ego  :  Observe  this  use  of  the  personal  pronoun  in  emphatic 
position,  as  if  the  writer  were  answering  a  remark  made  by  the 
other  correspondent,  "yes,  I  do  send  you  letters,"  etc. 

11.  omnia  tempora  :  every  hour  of  the  day. 

13.  Quod  utinam,  etc. :  This  wish  may  refer  to  suicide,  a  thing 
not  contrary  to  his  philosophy  of  life,  or  it  may  refer  to  taking  up 
arms  against  his  enemies  at  the  risk  of  his  life.  Quod  utinam  is 
an  expression  kindred,  in  part,  with  quod  si,  the  quod  meaning 
literally  "as  to  the  fact  that,"  but  often  best  left  untranslated. 

14.  fuissemus  .  .  .  vidissemus :  in  the  letters  of  Cicero  plurals 
like  these  are  very  frequently  used  referring  to  the  writer  alone,  as 
in  English  the  "  editorial  we." 

16.  commodi  :  satisfactory  position. 

17.  minus  est  erratum  :  my  mistake  was  not  so  very  great. 
Page  3.     1.  fixa  :  fixed,  not  to  pass  away. 

mea  vita :  term  of  endearment,  like  mea  lux,  ocelle  mi,  anima 
mea. 

2.  emori  :  breathe  out  my  last.     Stronger  than  mori. 

3.  csLBtiBBime:  most  piously.  Terentia  evidently  did  the  regular 
church-going  for  the  family.  Yet  a  rhetorical  expression  like  this 
for  the  sake  of  contrast  cannot  be  taken  too  literally  as  a  statement 
of  fact. 

quibus :  for  case  see  A.  &  G.  367  (227)  ;  B.  187,  II.  a ;  G.  346, 
R.  2  ;  H.  426  (385  1)  ;  HB.  362,  III. 


30  NOTES.  [P.  3,  1.  4 

4.  gratiam  rettulerunt :  returned  our  favor. 

5.  nos :  Cicero  and  his  personal  attendants  ;  unless  we  suppose 
this  to  be  the  "editorial  we,"  which  is  here  less  likely  since  the 
singular  mea  occurs  just  below. 

Brundisi  :  locative.  For  the  form  see  A.  &  G.  49,  a  (40)  ;  B. 
25,  5  ;  G.  33,  3 ;  H.  83,  4  (51,  8)  ;  HB.  71,  6. 

Apud  :  at  the  house  of. 

Flaccum  :  Elaccus  was  not  the  only  man  Cicero  found  who 
could  not  be  reckoned  among  the  homines  whose  ingratitude 
Cicero  in  the  preceding  sentence  was  deploring. 

6.  fuimus  :  were^  that  is,  stayed. 

7.  prae  .  .  .  neglexit :  for  my  welfare  disregarded. 

8.  poena  :  penalty. 

9.  ius  officiumque  praestaret :  performing  the  obligations  and 
duties. 

10.  referre:  repay. 

11.  a.d.  II  K.  Mai.  =  ante  diem  seciuidum  Kalendas  Maias : 
The  second  day  before  the  May  Kalends.  The  same  date  is  written 
with  the  more  common  formula  pridie  Kalendas  Maias,  at  the 
close  of  this  letter,  p.  5,  1.  10. 

Cyzicum :  A  town  in  Asia  Minor  on  the  shore  of  the  Sea  of 
Marmora. 

12.  profecti  sumus  :  petebamus  :  epistolary  tenses.  In  letter- 
writing  it  was  common  for  the  Roman  writers  to  assume  the  point 
of  view  of  the  receiver  of  the  letter  and  to  use  the  past  tenses  to 
express  a  fact  which  at  the  moment  of  writing  was  present,  but 
at  the  moment  of  receiving  and  reading  the  letter  would  be  past. 
It  took  about  six  days  for  a  letter  to  reach  Rome  from  Brundisium, 
so  when  the  family  would  be  reading  this  letter,  Cicero's  thought, 
"  we  are  leaving  Brundisium  and  starting  out  for  Cyzicus,"  would 
appear,  "  we  have  left  Brundisium  and  were  starting  for  Cyzicus." 

13.  rogem  :  deliberative  question. 

16.  coniirmes  .  .  .  adiuves :  jussive,  the  very  strong  wish 
being  equivalent  to  a  command. 

17.  transactum  est :  it  is  all  over  with. 

18.  fac  venias  :  see  that  you  come. 

19.  TuUiola  :  diminutive  of  affection.  What  will  become  of  my 
dear  little  Tullia  :  literally.  What  will  be  done  with . . .  Tullia.     For 


p.  4,  1.  9]  NOTES.  31 

the  case  see  A.  &  G.  403,  c  (244,  d)  ;  B.  218,  6  ;  G.  401,  n.  7  ;   H. 
174,  3  (419)  ;  LIB.  428,  b. 

22.  Et  matrimonio  et  famae  serviendum  est :  we  must  have 
regard  both  to  the  fact  that  she  is  married  and  to  the  good  name  of 
that  unhappy  girl. 

23.  sinu  et  complezu:  loving  remembrance:  literally,  bosom 
and  embrace. 

26.  teneas,  etc.  :  whether  you  are  holding  fast  any  property. 
Terentia  would  be  entitled  to  retain  her  own  property,  but  it  might 
happen  that  the  wife  of  an  outlaw  would  be  legally  robbed.  This 
contingency  which  Cicero  feared  did  not  eventuate. 

Page  4.  1.  Pisonem :  C.  Calpurnius  Piso  Frugi,  the  first 
husband  of  Tullia ;  an  excellent  and  faithful  man.  He  remained 
at  Kome  and  looked  carefully  after  the  affairs  of  his  banished 
father-in-law.     He  died  probably  within  a  year  of  this  date. 

2.  familia  liberata  :  The  slaves  belonging  to  a  household  or  an 
estate  were  known  as  the  familia. 

Evidently  reports  about  Cicero's  having  liberated  his  and  her 
slaves  had  reached  Terentia  and  troubled  her.  Cicero  assures  her 
that  in  regard  to  her  slaves  he  had  merely  promised  that  she  would 
do  to  each  one  as  he  deserved,  which  would  involve  no  one  in 
particular  but  Orpheus  ;  in  regard  to  his  own  slaves  he  had  arranged 
that  if  his  property  should  be  confiscated,  they  were  to  be  his  freed- 
men  (and  hence  not  part  of  his  confiscable  property),  provided 
they  could  manage  to  maintain  their  position  as  such  before  the  law  ; 
but  if  his  property  should  remain  his,  they  should  still  be  slaves, 
except  a  very  few. 

moveat :  which  should  trouble  you,  or  merely,  to  trouble  you. 
.    4.    in  officio  :  deserving. 

5.  magno  opere  :  adverbial  expression  which  Cicero  may  have 
written  magnopere,  in  particular. 

ea  causa  est  ut :  the  case  is  as  follows  ;  namely,  that. 

6.  abisset :  Secondary  sequence  of  tenses  because  the  state- 
ment causa  est  implies  an  arrangement  already  made.  We  might 
almost  translate,  the  case  is  as  follows :  I  arranged  that,  etc. 

7.  pertineret :  if  it'should  remain.     The  subject  is  res. 

8.  oppido  :  very,  an  adverb  of  uncertain  etymology. 

9.  tu  quod  me  hortaris  :  as  to  your  urging  me. 


32  NOTES.  [P.  4,  1.  10 

10.   id  velim  sit  eiusmodi  :  /  loould  the  situation  were  such. 

12.  accipiam  .  .  .  perferet :  future  indicatives. 

13.  exspectassem  :  waited  for. 

14.  tempestatem  :  weather.  In  this  case  evidently  favorable 
weather. 

15.  quod  reliquum  est :  for  the  rest. 

ut  potes  honestissime :  as  best  you  may,  i.e.  in  as  dignified  a 
manner  as  possible. 

16.  Viximus,  florulmus :  These  plurals  may  refer  to  Cicero 
alone  or  to  all  his  family,  nos  vivere  below  refers,  of  course,  to 
Cicero  only.  The  expression  is  sententious,  Cicero  evidently  feels 
that  to  have  really  lived,  to  have  flourished,  is  the  securest  basis  for 
comfort  to  his  reflections. 

17.  peccatum  est  nullum  :  no  mistake  has  been  made. 

18.  Animam :  life. 

omamentis:   distinctions,  i.e.  honors,  power,  wealth,  freedom. 

19.  nos  vivere  :  in  apposition  with  hoc. 

20.  ferenda :  endurable. 
feramus :  hortatory. 

Page  5.  1.  Clodium  Philhetaerum  :  like  Sallustius  and 
Pescennius,  below,  an  attendant  of  Cicero  on  his  journey  into 
exile.    Very  likely  his  freedman. 

valetudine  ooulorum  :  trouble  with  his  eyes,  valetudo  is  health, 
good  or  bad. 

3.  officio  vincit :  surpasses  in  kindness. 

4.  tui :  For  the  case  see  A.  &  G.  348  (217)  ;  B.  200  ;  G.  375  ; 
H.  451,  3  (399)  ;  HB.  354. 

5.  Sicca :  A  friend  of  Cicero  occasionally  mentioned  in  the  letters 
as  his  host,  guest,  or  messenger.  Cicero  just  before  coming  to  Brun- 
disium  had  been  staying  for  some  days  with  Sicca  at  his  place  in 
Vibo. 

Brundisio  :  Ablative  of  place  where,  and  interchangeable  with 
the  locative. 

6.  quod  potes  :  so  far  as  you  can. 

10.  Pr.  K.  Mai.  i.e.  pridie  Kalendas  Maias :  see  note  on 
p.  3. 1.  11. 


p.  6,  1.  1]  NOTES.  33 

SELECTION   IV. 

After  over  a  year  in  exile,  Cicero  was  triumphantly  recalled  to 
Rom&  He  was  reimbursed  for  the  destruction  of  his  Palatine  house 
and  rebuilt  it,  resuming  in  the  city  the  life  of  the  great  man  of 
affairs  as  steadily  as  the  troublous  times  would  permit.  He  found 
time  from  his  public  and  personal  cares  for  a  light-hearted  corre- 
spondence with  many  friends,  among  whom  was  G.  Trebatius 
Testa,  a  brilliant  young  lawyer  with  a  longing  to  rise  in  wealth  and 
fame.  Many  noble  Romans  were  gaining  both  these  objects  through 
serving  with  Caesar  in  Gaul.  Trebatius  was  no  warrior,  but  on 
Cicero's  advice  he  went  to  Caesar's  camp,  bearing  Cicero's  most 
earnest  letters  of  commendation  to  Caesar.  It  did  not  take  long  in 
Gaul  for  Trebatius  to  find  himself  disappointed  and  homesick,  per- 
haps frightened,  and  it  needed  all  Cicero's  urging  and  cheering  to 
keep  him  at  his  post.  He  did  remain,  however,  and  Caesar  not 
only  grew  fond  of  him  but  put  him  in  the  way  of  subsequent 
prosperity. 

12.  accessio  :  addition.  That  is,  Cicero  took  pains  to  say  some 
suitable  (legitima)  thing  in  further  commendation  of  Trebatius 
every  time  he  wrote  to  Caesar  or  to  Balbus,  Caesar's  agent. 

13.  volgaris  :  of  the  common  sort. 

14.  Tu  modo  :  Do  lay  aside. 

15.  urbanitatis :  i.e.  the  agreeable  intercourse  which  the  city 
affords. 

17.  consequere  :  follow  up. 

18.  Medeae  :  dative  with  verb  of  pardon. 

18.  Quae  Corinthum :  The  lines  are  from  Ennius's  "Medea 
Exul,"  of  which  but  half  a  dozen  more  such  fragments  are  pre- 
served. Cicero  had  no  hesitation  in  quoting  Ennius  to  the  cultured 
Trebatius,  for  even  a  Roman  schoolboy  would  have  recognized  such 
a  quotation  from  this  or  any  other  work  of  Quintus  Ennius,  the 
great  early  Roman  classic. 

Page  6,  1 .  g3rpBatisBiiiiis :  Whitening  the  hands  with  gyp- 
sum was  the  practice  of  actors  of  women's  parts.  Trebatius  knew 
the  theater,  and  the  mental  picture  of  Medea  on  the  stage  turn- 
ing up  her  whitened  hands  would  have  been  very  vivid  to  his 
mind. 


34  NOTES.  [P.  6,  1.  2 

2.  vitio  :  dative  of  the  object  for  which.  See  A.  &  G.  382,  1 
(333,  a) ;  B.  191  ;  G.  356  ;  H.  43;J,  2  (390,  2,  n.  2)  ;  HB.  360. 

verterent :  The  object  is  found  in  the  substantive  clause  quod 
.  .  .  patria. 

8.  cavere  didicisti :  learned  to  look  out  for,  i.e.  in  the  way  of 
legal  defense  and  service.  The  persistence  till  our  day  of  legal 
phrases  such  as  caveat  emptor,  caveat  actor,  etc. ,  suggests  the  fre- 
quency with  which  Trebatius,  a  Koraan  lawyer,  must  have  been 
wont  to  use  them. 

9.  essedarius :  The  essedarius  fought  from  an  essedum,  a 
two-wheeled  war  chariot  used  by  the  Gauls  and  Britons.  It  was 
of  odd  construction  and  attracted  much  attention  from  the  Ro- 
man populace  when  first  displayed  in  the  triumphal  processions. 
Trebatius  had  seen  these  chariots  and  perhaps  had  written  to  Cicero 
some  account  of  them.  Cicero  makes  the  essedarius  something  of 
a  joke  and  rallies  Trebatius  in  humorous  fashion. 

decipiaris :  get  carried  off. 

caveto  :  In  the  preceding  line  cavere  is  a  legal  term  of  techni- 
cal meaning.  The  repetition  of  the  word  here  in  its  ordinary  sense 
makes  Cicero  guilty  of  a  pun,  such  as  in  his  letters  we  shall  come 
often  upon.  Cicero  liked  puns.  He  had  not  learned  that  "  a  pun 
is  a  vicious  abuse  of  language." 

10.  Medeam  agere :  bring  Medea  into  play. 

SELECTION  Y. 

14.    Quid  proficiam :  indirect  question,  what  lam  accomplishing. 

17.  mirari  :  to  ivonder  at. 
tuas  litteras  :  letters  from  you. 

18.  Quinto  fratre  :  Cicero's  brother  Quintus,  at  other  times  also 
a  devoted  partisan  of  Caesar,  was  with  him  now  in  Britain. 

20.  capias  suadeo  :  capture  some  chariot,  I  urge  you.  Those 
wonderful  chariots  ! 

22.  volumus  :  i.e.  you  and  I.  Cicero  includes  himself  as  part- 
ner in  Trebatius's  desires. 

perfice  :  bri^ig  it  to  pass. 

in  iamiliaribus  :  among  the  intimate  friends. 

Page  7.    3.   aetatem  :  Trebatius  was  perhaps  thirty-five. 


p.  7,  1.  20]  NOTES.  35 

SELECTION   VI. 

Several  years  after  the  correspondence  with  Trebatius,  while 
Caesar  was  still  in  Gaul,  Cicero,  in  July,  51  b.c,  became  proconsul 
of  Cilicia,  in  which  province  he  remained  for  a  year,  an  upright 
governor. 

Upon  the  expiration  of  his  term,  as  he  journeyed  homewards 
across  Greece,  his  friend  and  freedmau.  Tiro,  whose  health  was  fre- 
quently feeble,  fell  ill  of  a  fever,  and  Cicero,  with  his  retinue, 
including  his  fifteen-year-old  son  Marcus,  was  obliged  to  proceed 
without  him.  Cicero  wrote  back  often  and  affectionately  to  Tiro. 
There  are  preserved  no  less  than  seven  such  letters  which  were 
written  before  the  party  left  Greece.  After  reaching  Brundisium 
in  safety  Cicero  soon  takes  the  opportunity  to  send  back  to  Tiro 
this  letter  which  we  have  before  us. 

6.  a.d.  nil  Non.  Nov.  =  ante  diem  quartum  Nonas 
Novembris :  see  note  on  p.  2,  1.  9,  Idus. 

7.  Leucadem :  ace.  without  preposition.  See  A.  &  G.  427,  2 
(250,  2,  b);  B.  181,  1,  a  ;  G.  337  ;  H.  418  (380,  2)  ;  IIB.  385,  b. 

Note  also  in  this  letter  Actium,  Corcyram,  Brundisiuni. 

8.  tempestatem :  weather.  In  this  instance  unfavorable,  see 
note  on  p.  4,  1.  14. 

12.  Cassiopen :  Greek  accusative,  see  A.  &  G.  44  (37)  ;  B.  22 ; 
G.  65 ;  H.  81  (50)  ;  HB.  68.  Cassiope,  modern  Cassopo,  was  a 
town  with  harbor  at  the  N.E.  extremity  of  the  island  of  Corcyra. 
Up  to  that  point  the  voyage  had  been  up  the  west  coast  of  Greece 
at  no  great  distance  from  the  shelter  of  the  Greek  islands,  but  from 
Cassiope  on  the  course  lay  across  the  open  Adriatic. 

Stadia  CXX  :  nearly  fourteen  miles,  a  stade  being  606  ft.  9  in. 

14.  interea  .  .  .  multi :  In  the  meantime  of  those  who  rashly 
continued  their  journey.,  many  were  shipwrecked, 

15.  cenati  :  after  dinner. 

solvimus  :  i.e.  navem  solvimus :  set  sail.  Compare  the  expression 
in  Acts  xxvii.  13. 

17.  ludibundi  :  in  good  spirits. 

18.  id  erat :  used  like  id  est,  for  the  more  common  is  erat,  or 
qui  dies  erat. 

20.   introiit  Terentia  :  Cicero  had  eagerly  sent  for  her  and  she 


36  NOTES.  [P.  7,  1.  21 

as  gladly  came.  Two  years  later  the  situation  was  altered.  Cicero 
was  again  returning  from  Greece,  having  lost  in  the  struggle 
against  Caesar,  to  the  same  port  of  Brundisium.  Terentia  wrote 
and  asked  if  she  might  come  to  meet  him,  and  he  replied  he 
would  prefer  not. 

21.  quae  .  .  .  plurimi  :  who  has  the  highest  regard  for  you. 

22.  tandem  aliquando :  at  last. 
exspectatissimas  :  eagerly  looked  for. 

Page  8.     2.     Asclapo  :  Greek  noun,  3d  declension. 

7.  sed  tamen  ita  velim  .  .  .  properes :  But  nevertheless  I 
would  express  the  wish  that  you  do  not  hasten  unduly. 

8.  symphoniam :  musical  party.  The  Greeks  were  fond  of 
music  at  meals,  a  custom  which  also  found  footing  at  Rome.  Lyso, 
a  resident  of  Patras,  was  Cicero's  hospes ;  hence  his  attentions  to 
Tiro.  It  is  not  impossible,  if  Tiro  was  at  this  time  being  enter- 
tained at  the  house  of  Lyso,  that  this  dinner  party  was  specially 
given  in  his  honor. 

9.  hebdomada :  Greek  ace,  3d  declension.  The  seventh  day 
was  supposed  to  mark  a  crisis  in  fevers.  Each  recurrence  would 
naturally  find  the  patient  weaker,  and  for  Tiro  a  fourth  recurrence 
might  be  no  small  matter. 

10.  pudori  .  .  .  obsequi :  since  you  have  chosen  to  consider 
your  feelings  rather  than  your  healthy  in  other  respects  he  careful. 

11.  Curio :  Curius  was  Cicero's  financial  agent  in  Greece  at  this 
time. 

honos  haberetur  :  a  comjylimentary  gift  should  be  made. 

12.  quod :  whatever. 

opus  esset :  predicate  use  of  opus.  See  A.  &  G.  411,  b  (243, 
e,  r)  ;  B.  218,  2,  a ;  G.  406 ;  H.  477  III  (414,  4,  1)  ;  HB.  430,  1. 

me  .  .  .  curaturum  :  sc.  esse :  and  that  I  would  pay  the  amount 
to  any  one  he  said.  The  infinitive  is  governed  by  the  verb  of  say- 
ing implied  in  misi,  sent  word. 

14.  ex  K.  Jan.  =  ex  Kalendis  Januariis  :  when  the  new  con- 
suls, who  were  opposed  to  Caesar,  were  to  take  office. 

19.  Mescinio  :  Mescinius  had  been  Cicero's  quaestor  in  Cilicia. 
He  was  not  a  man  of  sterling  worth,  but  he  had  culture,  was  fond 
of  Tiro,  and  was  very  careful  of  his  own  comfort,  so  he  would  be 
both  safe  and  agreeable  as  Tiro's  traveling  companion. 


p.  9,  1.  2]  NOTES.  37 

20.  bonesto  :  of  reputation. 

21.  naviculariua :  the  one  who  would  have  immediate  charge 
of  the  ship's  movements. 

22.  Bteteris  :  present  yourself. 

omnia  habebo :  you  will  he  doing  me  all  the  favors  in  the  world. 

23.  etiam  atque  etianr :  over  and  over  again. 

25.  salve  :  an  ordinary  word  of  greeting  seems  added  here  to  the 
still  more  ordinary  vale,  with  some  sense  of  its  literal  meaning  as  a 
wish  for  health. 

SELECTION   VII. 

On  getting  back  to  Italy  from  Cilicia,  Cicero  found  public  affairs 
in  turmoil.  The  struggle  between  Caesar  and  Pompey  was  lower- 
ing ominously,  and  its  outbreak  would  mean  civil  war.  Cicero  was 
on  friendly  terms  with  Caesar  and  still  more  intimately  bound  to 
Pompey,  who  had  done  him  great  services.  But  more  than  to  both 
was  he  attached  to  his  country.  His  best  hopes  toward  peace  were 
in  vain. 

On  Jan.  13th  Caesar  led  his  army  across  the  Rubicon  and  became 
a  rebel  in  arms  against  the  state.  As  the  forces  in  the  city  were 
inadequate  for  its  defense,  Pompey  left  Rome  to  raise  a  new  army 
in  Italy.  Senators  fled  from  the  city.  Cicero,  to  be  independent 
of  both  parties,  hoping  yet  to  be  peacemaker  between  them,  went 
with  his  son  to  Campania  to  have  oversight  of  that  region,  leaving 
his  wife  and  daughter  behind  at  Rome.  His  designs  seem  to  have 
taken  him  much  about  the  region.  This  letter  is  written  on  the 
22d  from  his  villa  at  Formiae."  On  the  23d  he  was  writing  from 
Minturnae  ;  on  the  25th  from  Cales  ;  on  the  26th  from  Capua. 

Page  9.  1.  considerandum  vobis  :  The  dative  of  the  agent 
is  used  with  the  gerundive  to  denote  the  person  on  whom  the  neces- 
sity or  obligation  rests. 

animae  meae  :  my  dearest  ones. 

2.  faciatis :  For  the  mood  see  A.  &  G.  675,  b  (334,  b) ;  444,  and 
note ;  B.  300,  2  ;  315,  3 ;  277  ;  G.  265,  511 ;  H.  649  II.  (629,  1)  ; 
HB.  603,  537. 

Romaene  ...  an  ...  an :  In  alternative  questions  the  en- 
clitic -ne  in  the  first  member  followed  by  an  in  the  second  and  an 
in  the  third  is  one  of  the  commonest  forms. 


38  NOTES.  [P.  9,  1.  5 

5.  esse  :  to  exists  that  is,  to  live,  remain. 
tuto  :  in  safety. 

Dolabellam  :  P.  Cornelius  Dolabella  was  a  young  Eoman  of 
charming  manners  but  profligate  character.  He  seems  to  have  won 
the  heart  of  Tullia,  who  apparently  retained  her  affection  for  him 
even  after  they  were  divorced,  shortly  before  her  death  in  45  b.c. 
Dolabella  was  an  ardent  partisan  of  Caesar.  This  made  him  able 
to  do  great  service  for  Tullia  and  Terentia  at  Rome  after  the  flight 
of  the  senators  at  Caesar's  approach,  when  affairs  were  in  such 
turmoil  and  the  only  safety  was  for  Caesar's  friends.  It  seemed 
best,  however,  to  Tullia  and  Terentia,  in  spite  of  Dolabella's  ser- 
vices, to  leave  Rome  and  join  Cicero  in  Campania,  whither  they 
came  Feb.  3d,  49  b.c. 

eamque  rem  :  and  that  fact  ;  subject  of  posse. 

6.  adiumento  :  dative  of  purpose  or  tendency. 
vis :  violence. 

7.  illud  .  .  .  quod  video  :  the  fact  that  I  see,  etc.  The  sub- 
stantive quod  clause  is  in  apposition  with  illud. 

8.  bonos  :  Cicero's  common  word  for  the  men  of  his  political  side, 
elsewhere  called  the  optimates  and  the  viri  optimi.  They  were  not 
an  organized  political  party  with  officers  and  caucuses  and  conven- 
tions. It  was  uncertain  often  who  would  be  reckoned  on  one 
side  or  the  other  ;  but  in  general  the  group  who  followed  Cicero's 
designs  were  consistent  and  well  known.  They  fought  under 
Pompey  in  the  civil  war,  and  they  alone  were  the  boni. 

abesse  Roma:  without  a  preposition,  as  with  other  verbs  of 
similar  meaning,  although  verbs  compounded  with  ab  usually  are 
followed  by  the  preposition  when  used  in  their  literal  meaning. 

9.  haec  .  .  .  praediorum:  furthermore,  the  district  in  which 
I  am  is  one  where  not  only  the  towns  but  the  estates  even  are  under 
my  influence. 

12.  non  satis  constat  adhuc  :  it  is  not  quite  clear  yet. 

13.  isto  loco :  in  your  position.  That  is,  women  whose  hus- 
bands have  left  the  city  through  fear  of  Caesar.    Ablative  of  quality. 

15.  velim :  subjunctive  of  modest  assertion,  /  should  like :  as 
if  one  wished  to  soften  the  directness  of  any  expression  of  his  own 
desires.  The  difference  in  tone  is  apparent  between  this  expression 
and  the  urgent  perfice  ut  sis,  capias  suadeo,  tu  modo  ineptias  de- 


p.  9,  1.  21]  NOTES.  39 

pone,  sustenta  te,  of  the  preceding  letters.  It  is  different  also  from 
the  polite  urgency  of  cura  ut  valeas,  valete,  etc.,  at  the  close  of 
letters. 

17.  Domus  .  .  .  dicetis:  That  the  house  (may)  have  a  bairi- 
cacle  and  a  guard  give  orders  to  Philotimus. 

Philotimo:  Philotimus  was  Cicero's  and  Terentia's  trusted 
house  steward.  He  turned  out  to  be  more  devoted  to  Terentia's 
interests  than  to  Cicero's,  hut  Cicero  at  the  time  of  this  letter 
believed  him  faithful. 

18.  et  velim  .  .  .  instituatis:  and,  please,  arrange  definite 
letter-carriers.  Cicero's  desire  is  that  Terentia  shall  assign  to 
some  of  his  slaves  the  fixed  task  of  going  and  coming  between 
them  with  daily  letters.  That  would  constitute  for  these  slaves 
their  whole  employment,  and  Cicero's  slave  family  was  large  enough 
in  number  to  warrant  the  devotion  of  several  individuals  to  such 
a  task. 

19.  aliquas  litteras:  The  plural  litteras  means  a  letter.  It 
may  also  mean  letters.  Whether  he  was  expecting  from  his  family 
one  letter  a  day  or  more  than  one  must  therefore  be  inferred  from 
other  sources. 

21.   "Kal.  sc.  Februarias : 


SELECTION  VIII. 

In  the  month  elapsed  since  the  last  letter,  Pompey  had  succeeded 
in  raising  an  army  which  was  in  numbers  perhaps  not  inferior  to 
Caesar's.  He  did  not  venture  to  offer  battle,  however,  and  Caesar 
advanced  toward  Rome.  Both  men  were  now  anxious  to  gain 
Cicero's  definite  support,  and  Cicero's  conduct  toward  each  had 
been  so  inconclusive  that  each  had  hopes  of  winning  him. 

Most  of  Cicero's  political  friends  had  gone  already  to  join  Pom- 
pey, and  on  Feb.  10th,  Pompey  wrote  Cicero,  urging  him  to  come 
and  unite  with  the  rest  at  Luceria.  On  receiving  the  letter,  Cicero 
replied,  Feb.  15th,  that  if  Pompey  intended  a  certain  course,  he 
would  join  the  movement.  Pompey  replies  with  the  letter  before 
us.  Cicero's  answer  to  it  was  written  a  week  later  and  explains 
at  some  length  his  reasons  for  not  coming,  the  most  important 


40  NOTES.  [P.  10,  1.  1 

being  that  Caesar  had  moved  quickly  and  with  his  army  already 
blocked  the  way. 

Page  10.  Magnus:  Roman  surnames  were  sometimes  in- 
herited and  sometimes  not.  Pompey's  father  was  Cn.  Fompeius 
Sextus.  The  surname  Magnus  is  one  which  Pompey  took  for 
himself.  Its  use  here  is  no  indication  of  a  special  fondness  for  the 
name,  as  some  have  thought,  since  praenomen  and  cognomen 
(Cn.  Magnus)  is  one  of  the  commonest  forms  of  the  name  appear- 
ing in  epistolary  salutations. 

Imp. :  If  Cicero  seems  to  have  resigned  his  military  office,  as 
some  editors  assert,  when  he,  with  other  senators,  fled  from  Rome 
before  Caesar,  nevertheless  Pompey  plainly  chose  to  look  upon  him 
still  as  imperator. 

1.  s.  V.  b.  e. :  i.e.:  si  vales  bene  est.  Abbreviation  of  this 
common  phrase,  and  of  others  similar,  is  very  frequent. 

4.  pro :  in  accordance  with. 

5.  communi  consilio :  It  seems  to  indicate  either  poverty  of 
style  or  carelessness  when  Pompey  chooses  here  the  same  adjective 
as  in  1.  2  above,  communi. 

6.  opem  atque.  auxilium  ;  auxilium  is  what  affords  support 
in  an  action.     Ops  is  what  can  be  used  for  support  in  a  situation. 

7.  Censeo  .  .  .  facias:  I  advise  that  you  make  the  journey. 
via  Appia :  ablative  of  route. 

Brundisium  :  without  a  preposition,  being  the  name  of  a  city. 

This  letter  of  Pompey's  as  a  specimen  of  literary  style  marks 
the  great  difference  between  Pompey  and  Cicero.  It  is  short  and 
plain,  almost  abrupt.  Editors  see  in  recognovi,  1.  1,  illustration 
of  his  poor  choice  of  words,  for  a  better  word  to  express  his  idea 
would  have  been  agnovi. 


SELECTION   IX. 

While  Pompey  was  still  gathering  his  army  in  Apulia,  Domitius 
and  Vibullius  and  Lentulus  had  opposed  Caesar's  march  to  Rome 
and  were  presently  besieged  by  him  at  Corfinium.  Pompey  left 
them  to  their  fate,  and  on  Feb.  20th  Corfinium  fell.  Caesar  took 
no  extreme  measures  against  his  captured  enemies,  but  graciously 


p.  10,  1.  18]  NOTES.  41 

spared  them.  He  proceeded  at  once  with  his  army  toward  Brun- 
disium  to  attack  Pompey.  On  the  march  this  letter  to  Cicero  was 
written. 

Ciceroni  Imp. :  Caesar  as  well  as  Pompey  recognizes  Cicero  as 
imperator. 

9.  Furnium :  C.  Furnius  was  the  friend  of  both  Caesar  and 
Cicero  and  served  at  other  times  also  as  a  messenger  and  perhaps 
as  an  ambassador.  He  had  come  at  this  time  to  Caesar  with  a 
letter,  and  as  he  was  about  to  go  south,  he  was  available  to  carry 
a  letter  to  Cicero.  Besides  letters,  such  messengers  brought  verbal 
reports  and  all  the  news.  Caesar  was  truly  in  haste  if  he  could 
not  take  time  to  hear  and  talk  to  Furnius  at  leisure  before  sending 
him  on. 

cum :  concessive.  In  reading  this  sentence,  although  we  might 
feel  the  force  of  cum  as  perhaps  temporal  or  causal  until  we  came 
to  the  word  tamen,  its  character  as  concessive  would  then 
appear. 

tantum  vidissem  :  only  had  a  glimpse  of. 

10.  neque  .  .  .  potuissem,  properarem  :  The  construction 
would  seem  easier  if  cum,  which  governs  properarem,  were 
repeated  before  it. 

11.  praeterire  .  .  .  quin  scriberem :  pass  by  the  opportunity 
of  writing  you. 

12.  illiun:  i.e.  Furnius. 

13.  gratias  agerem :  express  my  thanks. 

14.  imprimis:  especially. 

16.  consilio,  gratia,  dignitate,  ope:  your  advice,  your  in- 
fluence, your  position,  and  your  assistance  in  all  ways. 

18.  ignoBces:  you  will  pardon.  More  familiar  than  the  sub- 
junctive or  the  imperative. 

Ad  propositimi  revertar:  To  repeat;  literally  /  will  come 
back  to  the  matter  I  began  with,  i.e.  his  haste. 

Caesar's  style  here  is  simple,  graceful,  elegant,  and  pleasing. 
He  maintains  politeness  of  manner  (ignosces),  and  in  the  choice 
of  words  (consilio,  gratia,  dignitate,  ope)  he  shows  that  sense  of 
literary  discrimination  which  marks  all  his  writings. 


42  NOTES.  [P.  11,1.  2 

SELECTION  X. 

Not  only  had  Cicero,  from  the  outhreak  of  hostilities,  deliber- 
ately maintained  a  position  independent  of  both  Pompey  and 
Caesar  and  yet  friendly  to  both,  in  order  to  be  of  subsequent 
service  as  mediator  in  the  cause  of  peace,  but  he  zealously 
sought  to  render  that  service,  as  appears  from  this  letter  to 
Caesar. 

Page  11,    2.   mecum  agebas  :  entreated  me. 

ut .  .  .  essem  :  that  I  should  remain  near  the  city. 

uti  :  infinitive  after  velle. 

3.  minus  sum  admiratus  :  /  was  less  surprised. 

4.  mecum  ipse  quaerebam  :  /  asked  of  myself. 

5.  eam  cogitationem,  ut  .  .  .  arbitrares :  to  this  opinion, 
namely,  that  I  thought  you  wanted  to  treat,  etc. 

8.   rationem :  purpose. 

existimabam  :  I  think.     Epistolary  tense,  cf.  note  p.  3,  1.  12. 

naturam  .  .  .  personam :  The  one  refers  to  his  native  character, 
the  other  to  his  assumed  public  character ;  thus,  the  part  I  have 
played. 

10.   tuendo  :  looking  after  ;  taking  into  your  consideration. 

12.    causam  :  purpose  ;  service. 

14.  auctor  :  advocate. 

15.  belli  ullam  partem  attigi  :  had  a  hand  in  any  portion  of 
the  war. 

19.    ceteris  auctor  fui  :  advised  others. 
21.   vos  duo  delegi  quos  :  chosen  you  two  as  the  ones. 
Page  12.     3.    in  tuis  :  in  the  midst  of  your. 
aliquid  impertias  temporis  :  spare  a  moment,     temporis  vv^ith 
aliquid  is  partitive  genitive. 

4.  ut  .  .  .  possim  :  how  I  can.     Construed  vv^ith  cogitationi. 

5.  pius :  Rarely  well  expressed  in  English  by  its  etymological 
equivalent  pious.     Here  render  it  dutiful. 

6.  quae  si,  etc.  :  and  even  if  these  {requests.,  considerations)  had 
to  do  with  me  only.  The  relative  clause  v^^ill  often  be  best  translated 
by  an  English  clause  beginning  with  "and"  followed  by  the 
demonstrative. 

7.  impetraturum  :  get  by  asking. 


r.  12,  1.  21]  NOTES.  43 

8.  me  .  .  .  conservari :  infinitive  clause,  the  logical  subject  of 
pertinet. 

11.    cum  .  .  .  tum :  lohile  I  have  already  .  .  .  yet  when,  etc. 

Lentulo  :  P.  Cornelius  Lentulus  Spinther,  one  of  the  opponents 
of  Caesar  at  Coi-finium,  captured  when  the  city  surrendered  and 
generously  set  free. 

saluti  .  .  .  fuisses  :  because  you  had  been  the  means  of  preserv- 
ing him  who  had  been  the  means  of  preserving  me.  When  Cicero 
had  read  Lentulus' s  glowing  letter  he  felt  that  the  same  favor  done 
Lentulus  had  been  practically  done  him.  His  wish  now  is  that 
Caesar  will  show  favor  to  Pompey  as  well,  so  that  he  may  be  again 
grateful. 

SELECTION  XI. 

Caesar's  army,  meeting  with  no  reverses,  moved  on  to  Brundismm 
and  laid  close  siege  to  the  army  of  Pompey  there.  Although  con- 
fessedly inferior  to  Caesar  in  land  forces,  Pompey  still  held  control 
of  the  sea,  and  on  March  17th,  he  abandoned  Brundisium  with  all 
his  army  and  embarked  for  Greece  to  recruit  new  legions.  Caesar 
remained  master  in  Italy.  He  could  not  induce  Cicero  to  espouse 
his  cause,  yet  a  friendly  correspondence  passed  between  them, 
and  Caesar  even  visited  Cicero  at  Formiae  to  gain  his  adherence, 
though  without  success. 

Caesar's  next  move  was  to  set  out,  in  April,  for  Spain.  Cicero 
became  convinced  that  at  last  he  must  give  up  the  hope  of  a  recon- 
ciliation between  Caesar  and  Pompey,  and  on  the  7th  of  June,  with 
regret  and  misgiving,  he  set  out  for  Greece  to  join  that  army  which 
he  thought  was  the  only  one  a  patriotic  citizen  could  join. 

17.  quod  scriberem  .  .  .  nihil :  nothing  to  write. 

18.  has  litteras :  this  letter.  Plural  means  but  one,  as  so 
frequently. 

21.    superioribus  :  literally,  higher  upon  the  list,  hence  earlier. 

opes.  vs.  opem  :  resources  vs.  help.  Caesar's  own  phrases  in 
which  he  used  first  the  singular  and  on  the  later  occasion  the  plural 
are  found  in  this  text  on  p.  10,  1.  17, — ut  tuo  consilio  gratia, 
dignitate,  ope  omnium  renim  uti  possim  ;  and  p.  13,  1.  9,  ut 
tuis  consiliis  atque  opibus,  ut  consuevi,  in  omnibus  rebus 


44  NOTES.  [P.  12,  1.  22 

utor.  Caesar's  thought  in  the  two  passages  is  obviously  not  very- 
different.  By  opibus  he  must  have  meant  help  in  various  direc- 
tions, of  influence,  position,  and  ability.  But  opes  also  means 
wealthy  and  with  nothing  more  important  to  write  Cicero  perhaps 
thought  Atticus  would  see  a  joke  in  the  contrast  of  the  two 
terms. 

22.  clementiam  Corfiniensem  :  when  Corfinium  fell,  Feb.  20th, 
Caesar  not  only  spared  the  lives  of  his  captured  enemies  and  set 
them  free,  but  he  even  returned  to  Domiti-us  a  sum  of  money 
belonging  to  him  which  he  had  taken  with  the  surrendered  town. 
Such  clemency  was  in  contrast  to  the  brutality  of  Marius  and  Sulla. 
It  gave  to  many  Romans  some  hope  that  all  would  not  be  lost  if 
Caesar  conquered.  Cicero  even  thought  the  occasion  deserved  a 
letter  of  formal  praise,  which  he  wrote.  It  is  Caesar's  reply  to  this 
letter  of  praise  which  Cicero  is  here  quoting  in  full  to  his  friend 
Atticus. 

23.  hoc  exemplo  :  in  the  following  terms. 

Page  13.  1.  recte  auguraris :  rightly  have  you  augured  of 
me.  A  future  tense  here  in  English,  to  match  the  Latin  tense,  would 
make  the  expression  seem  a  less  ordinary  one  than  as  a  matter  of 
fact  it  is  in  its  Latin  form.  The  Latin  future  perfect,  however,  is 
accurate  to  express  Caesar's  thought ;  literally,  you  will  have  divined 
correctly  about  me  ;  for  the  correctness  of  Cicero's  insight  into  the 
character  of  Caesar  is  a  thing  determinable  only  by  the  test  of 
experience.  Caesar,  accordingly,  means  to  say  that  every  time  his 
character  shall  be  reckoned  up  or  thought  over  Cicero  will  find 
himself  (future)  to  have  been  right  (perfect)  in  inferring  on  this 
occasion  that  Caesar  is  not  cruel. 

5.  dimissi :  that  is,  Domitius  and  the  rest,  referred  to  in  the 
introductory  note  to  Selection  IX. 

7.  mei:  for  the  case  see  A.  &  G.  385,  C.  2  (234,  d,  2);  B.  204, 
3 ;  G.  359,  r.  1  and  3,  n.  4 ;  H.  435, 4,  n.  (391,  II.  4)  ;  HB.  339,  c,  n. 

8.  velim  :  subjunctive  of  modesty. 

10.  banc  .  .  .  gratiam  :  namely,  the  one  just  asked,  Cicero's 
presence  in  Rome  ;  for  Dolabella  would  be  sure  to  lend  his  influence 
to  that  end. 

11.  adeo  :  further ;  in  addition. 

12.  humanitas :     Dolabella's    "gentleness,"    "feeling,"    and 


p.  13,  1.  17]  NOTES.  45 

"good- will"  were  doubtless  not  imaginary,  but  genuine.     Such 
qualities  help  to  account  for  Tullia's  continued  affection  for  him 
in  spite  of  his  extravagance  and  debauchery  and  all  his  ill  treatment 
of  her. 
is :  such. 

SELECTION  XII. 

Caesar  speedily  mastered  the  Pompeian  forces  in  Spain  and  then 
went  to  meet  in  Greece  that  army  of  Pompey  which  Cicero  had 
now  joined.  After  an  indecisive  encounter  at  Dyrrachium  the 
forces  met  again  at  Pharsalus,  Aug.  9th,  48  b.c,  and  Caesar  was 
overwhelmingly  victorious.  The  remnants  of  Pompey's  army 
fled  to  Africa,  where  Pompey  was  murdered.  Thither  they  were 
pursued  by  Caesar,  who  was  occupied  now  for  a  year  in  settling 
affairs  in  the  East. 

Cicero  himself  was  not  at  Pharsalus,  having  been  kept  at 
Dyrrhacium  by  sickness.  After  the  defeat  he  remained  awhile 
in  Greece  and  then  returned  to  Italy,  where,  on  arriving  at 
Brundisium,  in  October,  he  found  the  town  occupied  by  soldiers 
of  Caesar,  and  himself  forbidden  by  Antony,  Caesar's  partisan,  to 
enter  Italy.  There  he  waited  in  peril  and  distress,  until,  in  Sepf., 
47  B.C.,  on  the  arrival  of  Caesar,  he  was  at  last  given  liberty  to  go 
where  he  chose  and  went  to  Rome. 

During  the  year  at  Brundisium  his  anxieties  were  many  and  his 
comforts  few.  His  fortune  had  gone  into  Pompey's  cause.  His 
wife  at  Rome  was  guarding  her  own  interests  at  the  cost  of  his. 
His  daughter  was  troubled  with  an  unhappy  marriage.  His  brother 
had  become  estranged.  No  wonder  that  during  this  year  all  his 
letters  were  brief  and  compressed,  as  is  the  following. 

14.    8.  V.  b.  e.  e.  v.  =  si  vales  bene  est  ego  valeo. 

quid  .  .  .  quod  .  .  .  scriberem  :  somethintj  to  write.  See  note 
on  p.  12,  1.  17. 

16.  quae  sint  negotia  :  hoio  things  are. 

17.  Lepta,  Trebatio  :  Among  Cicero's  friends  who  came  down 
to  Brundisium  to  visit  him  were  Lepta  and  Trebatius,  who  at  about 
the  time  of  this  letter  had  gone  back  to  Rome.  Perhaps  one  of 
them  carried  the  letter. 


46  NOTES.  [P.  14,  1.  2 


SELECTIOK  XIII. 

When  Cicero  felt  free  to  leave  Brundisium  he  journeyed  back  to 
Rome.  When  less  than  halfway,  as  he  stopped  at  his  villa  at 
Venusia,  he  sends  this  letter  ahead  to  Terentia.  The  Tusculan 
villa  he  refers  to  was  his  favorite  country  house,  high  up  on  the 
Alban  mountains  and  within  sight  of  Rome,  eighteen  miles  away. 

This  is  the  last  letter  we  have  from  Cicero  to  Terentia.  Soon 
after  his  arrival  in  Rome  they  were  divorced,  for  reasons  which  we 
do  not  fully  know.  Cicero  for  a  time  after  his  divorce  refused 
some  proffers  of  rich  and  influential  alliance,  but  he  soon  was 
married  again,  this  time  to  a  rich  young  ward  of  his,  Publilia. 

Page  14.     2.    ut  sint  omnia  :  let  everything  he. 

3.  diutius  :  for  some  time.  The  comparative  indicates  "  a  rather 
long  time." 

4.  labrum  :  a  basin  elevated  about  three  feet,  at  the  edge  of 
which  the  bathers  stood  and  dipped  the  water. 

ut  sit :  jussive,  as  ut  sint  in  1.  2. 


SELECTION  XIV. 

At  Rome  and  at  his  country  estate  at  Astura  for  two  years  after 
Caesar's  victory  Cicero  lived  chiefly  in  retirement.  He  maintained 
polite  intercourse  with  Caesar's  friends,  at  whose  dinner  parties  his 
undying  wit  made  him  a  welcome  guest,  despite  his  known  political 
views.  He  busied  his  mind  with  the  writing  of  philosophical  and 
rhetorical  works,  producing  at  this  time  his  Brutus,  Paradoxa, 
Orator,  Partitiones,  Consolatio,  Hortensius,  De  Finibus,  Academica, 
Tusculanae  Quaestiones,  Timaeus,  De  Natura  Deorum,  and  De 
Senectute. 

Paetus  was  a  man  of  no  great  prominence,  but  he  seems  to  have 
shared  Cicero's  most  earnest  sentiments  toward  the  republic  and 
toward  Caesar.  Like  others  of  his  class,  bearing  the  overthrow 
of  the  republic  very  hard,  Paetus  had  doubtless  been  reproaching 
Cicero,  in  other  letters,  for  his  apparent  gayety  in  such  mournful 
days  of  the  state.  The  witty  letter  of  Paetus,  over  which  Cicero 
tells  us  he  laughed,  is  not  preserved. 


p.  15,  1.  6]  NOTES.  47 

9.  scurram  velitem  :  The  scurra  veles,  literally  clown-soldier^ 
would  be  the  butt  of  the  camp,  on  whom  everybody  was  entitled 
to  play  practical  jokes  and  unload  abuse. 

malis  oneratum  :  loaded  with  abuse. 

10.  illud  :  referring  to  the  clause  in  apposition  with  it,  me  .  .  . 
nou  potuisse. 

ista  loca  :  especially  Paetus's  villa. 

11.  constitueram  :  had  arranged. 

non  hospitalem  sed  contubernalem  :  not  a  formal  quest  but 
a  boon  companion. 

18.   promulside  :  with  the  first  course. 

14.    conficere  :  finish  ;  do  up. 

ad  ovum  :  The  dinner  commonly  had  three  divisions  :  first  the 
gustus^  gustatio,  promulsis,  consisting  of  eggs,  oysters,  fish,  etc.  ; 
second,  the  cena  proper,  with  several  substantial  dishes,  as  for 
instance  assum  vitulinmn  ;  third,  the  mensae  secundae,  of  dessert 
and  fruit. 

integram  .  .  .  affero  :  /  start  the  meal  with  no  dyspeptic  appetite. 

assmn  vitulinum  :  veal  roast. 

Page    15.     1.   Ula.  mea. :  those  characteristics  of  mine. 

4.  de  dicenda  in  senatu  sententia :  speech-making  in  the 
senate. 

commentationem  causarum  :  preparation  of  cases. 

5.  Epicuri  castra  :  Epicurus  taught  that  true  pleasure  is  for 
all  mankind  the  greatest  good.  He  thought  it  was  gained  by 
cultivating  a  peaceful,  kindly,  just,  independent,  contented  spirit. 
He  was,  accordingly,  of  temperate  habits,  even  abstemious,  com- 
monly spending  for  dinner  but  half  the  sum  usual  for  a  laborer.  His 
followers,  however,  who  had  elaborated  the  art  of  cookery,  often, 
in  the  pursuit  of  pleasure,  ran  into  a  self-indulgence  which  was  no 
part  of  Epicurus's  practice  or  teaching.  It  was  their  excesses 
which  in  Cicero's  time  had  come  to  be  looked  upon,  perhaps 
unfairly,  as  the  prime  characteristic  of  "Epicurus's  camp." 

adversari :  because  Cicero  assumed  to  be  an  eclectic  philosopher 
rather  than  an  Epicurean. 

6.  ad  :  in  the  direction  of. 

banc :  this,  i.e.  which  we  see  all  about  us. 
insolentiam  :  excessive  indulgence. 


48  NOTES.  [P.  15,  1.  7 

7.  lautitiam :  elegance. 

veterem  :  former.  Paetus  had  been  impoverished  in  conse- 
quence of  the  civil  wars.  Cicero  therefore  makes  distinction 
between  his  present  state  and  his  former  lautitiam  when  lie  had 
money  to  spend,  though  Paetus  never  did  have  large  estates. 

dico  :  I  speak  of. 

in  sumptum  :  in  and  ace.  expressing  the  purpose  or  object  for 
which. 

habebas  :  here  used  absolutely  =  pecuniam  habebas. 

8.  plura  praedia :  real  estate,  particularly  farming  land,  was  the 
most  reputable  source  of  a  Roman's  income. 

9.  homine  et  edaci  .  .  .  et  qui :  your  recko7iing  is  with  a 
man  both  voracious  and  a  connoisseur.  The  descriptive  clause 
qui  .  .  .  intellegat  is  balanced  with  the  descriptive  adjective 
edaci. 

10.  6\|/i|ia06is :  Gk.  nom.  pi.  late  learned.  The  bumptiousness 
of  overgrown  pupils  was  proverbial  to  the  ancients.  Cicero  is  very 
free  with  his  use  of  Greek  words  and  phrases,  and  even  of  quota- 
tions from  the  Greek  authors.  All  his  literary  friends  knew  the 
Greek  language  and  the  Greek  literature,  and  would  understand 
and  recognize.  Especially  are  the  letters  to  Atticus  full  of  Greek, 
for  he  was  the  most  Attic  of  all  his  Roman  contemporaries. 

11.  insolentes  :  ill-bred,  immodest. 
dediscendae  tibi  sunt :  you  must  unlearn. 

12.  sportellae  :  crackers  and  Jigs.  The  sportella  was  a  little 
basket  in  which  clients  were  accustomed  to  carry  away  the  portions 
of  food  doled  out  by  their  patrons,  frequently  nothing  more  than 
a  little  fruit  and  bread.  The  implication  is  that  Paetus  now  habitu- 
ally made  his  meal  of  such  a  slight  portion. 

ex  arte  ista  :  i.e.  the  art  of  fine  cookery. 

13.  Verrium,  Camillum  :  famous  epicures. 

14.  vocare  :  invite. 

15.  Hirtio :  Prince  of  good  livers,  a  most  discriminating  epicure 
was  Hirtius.  His  fondness  for  the  table  was  not  inconsistent  with 
his  character  as  substantial  man  of  affairs  in  Rome.  He  was  con- 
sul, general,  and  author.  We  have  preserved  Bellum  Gallicum, 
Book  VIII.,  which  Hirtius  wrote  in  continuation  of  Caesar's  Com- 
mentaries on  the  Gallic  War. 


p.  IG,  1.  9]  NOTES.  49 

16.  pavone :  A  perverted  taste,  it  seems,  yet  the  peacock  was 
the  masterpiece  of  Epicurean  cookery. 

17.  iu8  fervens  :  hot  sauce. 

18.  haec:  as  follows. 

salutamuB  :  /  greet  at  my  house^  technical  term  ;  cf.  salutatio. 
ID.    bonos  :  for  meaning,  see  note  on  p.  9,  1.  8. 

20.  perofflciose  :  peramanter :  These  rare  words,  formed  with 
intensive  prefix  per-,  Cicero  uses  to  express  the  rare  and  exceeding 
degree  of  attention  and  regard  which  his  former  enemies  were 
manifesting  him. 

21.  ubi  .  .  .  defliLsdt :  when  the  stream  .  .  .  has  flowed  away. 

22.  involve  :  a  picturesque  term. 

veniimt  etiam  qui  :  there  come  also  those  who. 
Page  16.  2.    te  iacente  :  with  you  flat  on  your  back. 
comedim :  eat  you  out  of  house  and  home. 
3.   ne  aegroto  quidem:  not  even  ifyou^re  a  sick  man. 


SELECTION   XV. 

Sulpicius  was  made  governor  of  Achaia  by  Caesar  in  46  b.c.  K 
Hagesaretus  was  of  Larisa  in  Thessaly,  then  he  might  easily  have 
had  use  for  this  letter  of  introduction  to  Sulpicius  while  the  latter 
was  in  Greece. 

Servio  :  Servius  Sulpicius  Rufus,  the  most  famous  jurist  of  his 
day,  was  Cicero's  lifelong  friend  and  political  associate.  Gaston 
Boissier  speaks  of  him  as  the  most  learned  lawyer,  perhaps,  of  any 
time. 

5.  consulatu :  If  the  reference  is  to  Cicero's  consulate,  in  63  b.c, 
then  it  could  readily  happen  that  the  kindnesses  spoken  of  took 
place  during  Cicero's  exile  or  his  later  journeys  in  Greece.  It  is 
possible,  however,  that  the  consulate  referred  to  is  his  proconsulate 
in  Cilicia  in  51  b.c.  It  is  interesting  to  observe  how  completely  our 
picture  of  Hagesaretus  rests  upon  mere  inferences,  always  of  some 
uncertainty. 

9.   necessitudine  :  intimacy. 

pergratum  mihi  :  The  letter  when  sent  was  sealed  with  Cicero's 
seal,  and  hence  could  not  be  opened  until  it  reached  the  hands  of 


50  NOTES.  [P.  16,  1.  12 

Sulpicius,  so  Cicero  was  in  no  danger  of  having  this  confidential 
request  to  Sulpicius  disclosed  to  Hagesaretus.  It  aids  our  sense  of 
the  sincerity  of  the  commendations  in  the  letter  to  know  that 
Hagesaretus  was  not  expected  to  know  its  precise  terms. 


SELECTION  XVI. 

Not  long  after  the  date  of  the  previous  letter  to  Paetus  (Selection 
XIV.),  that  gentleman  received  a  visit  from  Balbus.  Lucius  Cor- 
nelius Balbus  was,  and  long  had  been,  a  right-hand  man  of  Caesar. 
Born  in  Spain,  he  had  been  given  Roman  citizenship  for  meritori- 
ous services  and  had  come  to  Rome  to  live.  He  had  made  himself 
useful  to  Caesar  and,  like  many  another  of  Caesar's  partisans,  had 
amassed  a  fortune.  Later  he  often  served  Caesar  as  his  financial 
agent  at  Rome. 

Cicero  knew  Balbus.  Ten  years  before  the  date  of  this  letter 
he  had  defended  him  successfully  against  a  charge  of  having  gained 
his  citizenship  illegally.  Now,  after  the  civil  war,  Cicero  had  come 
back  into  intercourse  with  his  foes  of  Caesarian  stripe,  and,  like 
Paetus,  he  was  once  more  on  terms  with  Balbus. 

Paeto :  the  same  L.  Papirius  Paetus  of  Selection  XIV. 

12.  cum :  concessive. 

Balbus  noster :  my  friend  Balbus  ;  noster  is  used  in  Latin  just 
as  "  my  friend  "  in  English,  with  either  sincere  or  ironical  force. 

13.  istis  municipiis  :  After  Caesar's  victory  the  fields  and  for- 
tunes of  all  his  enemies  lay  very  much  at  his  mercy.  The  disposi- 
tion made  -of  such  properties  was  varied.  Those  here  referred  to 
(istis)  seem  to  have  been  already  the  subject  of  mention  between 
Cicero  and  Paetus. 

15.  sciam  :  for  the  words  see  A.  &  G.  524,  n.  2  (312,  r.);  B. 
307,  2  ;  G.  602  ;  H.,585  (513,  II.  n.  1)  ;  HB.  504,  3,  a. 

17.  de  nobis  futurum  :  what  is  to  take  place  concerning  myself. 

18.  ex  quo :  The  antecedent  of  quo  is  the  object,  to  be  sup- 
plied, of  habuisti. 

19.  ebrio :  Balbus  seems  to  have  had  a  well-known  failing. 
Page  17.   1.    mi  Paete  :  intimate  form  of  address. 

2.    de  luoro  :  as  clear  gain.     After  the  overthrow  of  Pompey 


p.  18,  1.  4j  NOTES.  51 

and  his  army  at  Pharsalus,  the  lives  of  the  defeated  survivors, 
Cicero  among  them,  were  at  Caesar's  mercy.  Cicero,  therefore, 
reckons  it  clear  gain  to  be  living  at  all,  after  Pharsalus. 
'  3.  rei  publicae:  The  noun  superstes  is  followed  sometimes 
by  the  objective  genitive,  sometimes  by  the  dative-  of  the  indirect 
object.     Which  is  this  ? 

4.  deinde  quod :  After  primum  quia  the  change  of  conjunc- 
tions makes  variety  in  the  style. 

5.  fiet  enim :  for  there  mill  happen. 

7.  satis  .  .  .  quidquid  conceditur  :  Stoic  doctrine. 

8.  Veientem  .  .  .  agnim :  Veil  and  Capena  were  about  the 
same  distance  from  Rome  as  Tusculum,  but  in  a  different  direction. 

9.  metiuntur  :  that  is,  preparatory  to  putting  it  up  for  sale.  A 
common  means  of  converting  captured  territory  into  plunder  for 
the  victors. 

10.  Tusculano  :  the  Tusculan  villa,  Cicero's  favorite  estate. 

11.  semper:  continually. 

id  :  the  antecedent  is  the  preceding  clause. 
■  12.   vivere  :  object  of  duzi. 

13.  pulcherrimum  :  predicate  adjective. 
duzi  :  have  regarded. 

non  possum  .  .  .  diligere  :  I  cannot  do  other  than  cherish. 

14.  cupiat  esse  rem  publicam :  desires  the  existence  of  a 
republic. 

16.  quid  faciat  .  .  .  habet :  has  not  the  power  of  causing  it. 
Even  Great  Caesar  could  not  entirely  be  "better  than  his  party." 

17.  longius  :  at  too  great  length. 

18.  non  modo  me  .  .  .  scire :  by  the  correlatives  non  modo 
and  sed  the  pronoun  me  is  contrasted  with  ipsum  quidem  princi- 
pem,  so  that  ne  in  the  clause  with  scire  furnishes  a  negative  for 
both  the  contrasted  subjects,  me  and  principem. 

19.  principem  :  i.e.  Caesar. 

20.  servimus  :  are  slaves  to. 

24.    solerem  :  with  non  quo,  to  express  a  rejected  reason, 
explorati  .  .  .  baberem  :  have  no  definite  knowledge. 
Page  18.     2.    adscribam  :  add. 

3.  isto  :  i.e.  which  you  speak  of  and  fear. 

4.  cogitaxe:  plan  for. 


52  NOTES.  [P.  18,  1.  6 

SELECTION  XYII. 

In  Feb.,  45  B.C.,  occurred  the  death  of  his  daughter,  TuUia, 
which  was  to  Cicero  the  keenest  grief  of  his  life.  He  had  been  liv- 
ing in  retirement  at  Rome.  He  now  withdrew  to  lonely  Astura, 
seeing  nobody  and  given  to  meditation.  His  friends  wrote  him 
letters  of  condolence ;  some  of  them  polite  and  formal,  none  more 
deep  and  touching  than  that  of  Servius  Sulpicius  Rufus  (Fam.  IV,  5), 
written  from  Athens,  where  Servius  was  governor.  The  following 
letter  is  Cicero's  reply  to  Servius. 

6.  ego  :  unusual  and  emphatic  position.     Yes,  I  do  wish. 

7.  quantum  .  .  .  potueris  .  .  .  intellego,  etc. :  /or  how  much 
you  might  have  aided  me  if  you  had  been  present  .  .  .  I  readily 
see,  etc.  For  the  participle  in  place  of  a  conditional  clause  see 
A.  &  G.  521,  a  (310,  a)  ;  B.  305, 1 ;  G.  593,  2  ;  H.  638,  2  (575,  9)  ; 
HB.  604,  3. 

8.  potueris  is  subjunctive  of  indirect  question  after  intellego. 
It  is  also  the  apodosis  of  the  condition  contrary  to  fact  whose  protasis 
is  implied  in  praesens.  For  the  perf.  indie,  of  possum  in  apodosis 
of  a  condition  contrary  to  fact,  see  A.  &  G.  517,  c  (308,  c)  ;  B. 
304,  3  ;  G.  597,  k.  5,  c  ;  H.  583  (511)  ;  HB.  582,  3,  a. 

9.  ez  eo  .  .  .  quod  :  from  this  fact,  namely,  that. 

litteris  lectis  :  when  I  had  read  your  letter.    Ablative  absolute 
serving  as  temporal  clause. 
adquievi  :  was  resigned. 

11.  possent:  subjunctive  of  characteristic.  See  A.  &  G.  535 
(320)  ;  B.  283,  2  ;  G.  631,  1 ;  H.  591,  1  (500,  1)  ;  HB.  515,  2. 

me  consolando :  the  task  of  consoling  me. 

12.  adhibuisti  :  you  have  shown. 

Servius  tuus :  your  son  Servius,  who  perhaps  delivered  the 
letter  to  Cicero.  It  would  have  been  a  mark  of  great  courtesy  for 
Servius  to  send  from  Athens  his  letter  by  the  hand  of  his  own  son. 

13.  offioiis  :  services,  attentions. 

illi  tempori :  i.e.  a  time  of  mourning. 

14.  quanti  .  .  .  faceret :  genitive  of  price.  Subjunctive  of 
indirect  question. 

quam :  how. 

16.   iucundiora  :  gratiora  :  more  pleasant ;  more  grateful. 


p.  20,  1.  10]  NOTES.  63 

17.  oratio  tua  :  your  words. 

19.  me  non  ita  ferre :  The  clause  is  the  subject  of  esse,  to  which 
the  predicate  adjective  turpe  refers. 

Page  19.     1.    dolori  :  dative  after  a  verb  of  resisting. 

2.   me :  accusative  after  deficiunt. 

4.  magnis  rebus  gestis  :  ablative  of  quality  ;  equivalent  to  an 
adjective  "successful."  The  plural  in  this  construction  is  some- 
what uncommon. 

7.   eis  temporibus  fuerunt  ut :  lived  in  such  times  that. 

10.  maximls  laborlbus  adeptus  eram  :  had  won  with  the 
greatest  struggle. 

12.  rei  publicae  procuratione  :  public  cases. 

13.  impediebantur  :  meditations  checked. 

14.  ezistimabam  :  used  to  think. 
id  quod  erat :  as  was  the  fact. 

16.  cum  .  .  .  cogitarem :  Cicero  was  reflecting  (cogitarem) 
and  subduing  and  compelling  himself  (frangerem,  cogerem)  for 
the  purpose  of  self-comfort,  and  it  was  while  in  these  struggles  that 
he  felt  Tullia  his  place  of  refuge. 

18.  quo  .  .  .  ubi  .  .  .  cuius:  Cicero  has  forgotten  all  sense 
of  rhetorical  effect,  and  changes  the  figure  from  Tullia  as  a  place 
where  (quo  sc.  loco)  to  a  person  (cuius)  just  as  his  thought  ran. 

20.  hoc  :  ablative  of  means. 

21.  ilia :  sc.  volnera. 

23.  levaret :  to  relieve  me. 

24.  ut  in  eius  bonis  adquiescam :  to  gain  repose  in  its 
blessings. 

Page  20.    6.  ezopto :  intensive  ;  more  than  opto. 
ante :  adverbial,  beforehand. 
commentemur  inter  nos :  plan  over  together. 

7.  qua  ratione  :  on  what  basis. 
nobis  :  dative  of  agent. 
traducendum :  spent. 

8.  accommodandum  :  must  be  adapted. 

9.  nee  :  employed  regularly,  rather  than  et  non. 

10.  quod  :  refers  to  the  fact  of  Caesar's  friendliness  just  men- 
tioned. 

cum:  concessive. 


54  NOTES.  [P.  20,  1.  11 

magnae  deliberationis  :  genitive  of  quality. 
11.   quae  ratio  sit  ineunda :  the  whole  clause  is  appositional 
to  the  subject  of  est. 

SELECTION  XVIII. 

The  growing,  appearance  of  Caesar's  tyranny  led  some  of  the 
nobles  who  regarded  themselves  as  patriots  to  conspire  along  with 
some  men  of  meaner  motive  for  his  murder,  which  they  brought 
to  pass  on  March  15th,  44  b.c.  Cicero  had  not  been  taken  into 
their  counsels,  and  knew  nothing  of  the  plot  until  its  denouement ; 
but  in  Caesar's  fall  he  saw  the  death  of  the  tyranny  and  the  resur- 
rection of  his  own  patriotic  hopes,  and  in  this  letter  to  one  of  the 
conspirators  we  see  his  outburst  of  joy.  Why  he  should  have  writ- 
ten this  to  Basilus,  who  was  not  a  leader  of  the  conspirators,  we 
should  have  little  means  of  knowing,  except  that  the  style  of 
greeting  in  the  letter  shows  him  to  be  an  intimate  friend  of  Cicero. 

13.  tibi  gratulor :  this  is  a  common  expression,  mihi  gaudeo 
very  uncommon  ;  but  the  mihi  balances  the  tibi  and  the  gaudeo 
the  gratulor  so  strikingly  that  in  Cicero's  feeling  of  exhilaration 
the  unusual  phrase  was  just  the  thing  to  occur  to  his  mind. 

mihi :  dative  of  reference. 

SELECTION  XIX. 

Cicero's  cares  for  the  state  had  not  ruined  his  appetite,  nor  his 
interest  in  his  personal  friends,  nor  in  small  points  of  the  law. 

Trebatio  :  the  same  Trebatius  Testa  addressed  in  Selections  IV 
and  V.  Having  returned  from  his  campaigning  with  Caesar  a  rich 
man,  as  Boissier  thinks,  and  no  questions  asked,  he  built  a  fine 
house  and  lived  well.  Cicero  was  fond  of  going  to  dinner  with 
him,  for  he  seems  to  have  found  spice  and  salt  in  his  conversation 
as  well  as  in  his  viands. 

15.  inluseras:  made  f tin. 
inter  scyphos  :  over  the  glasses. 

16.  antea :  i.e.  before  he  became  the  heir. 

Page  21.  1.  furti  agere:  briiig  an  action  for  theft.  Of  course 
a  man  who  had  been  robbed  would  have  a  right  to  sue,  but 


p.  21,  1.  9]  NOTES.  55 

the  question  is,  could  the  heir  properly  claim  any  legal  title  to 
property  which  the  testator  did  not  actually  possess  at  the  time 
of  his  death. 

bene  potus  :  well  primed. 

2.    seroque  :  almost  any  time  after  sundown  was  a  late  hour. 

caput :  chapter. 

4.    sensisse  :  sentio  is  to  hold  as  a  vieio  or  opinion, 

6.   Testae  :  that  is,  Trebatius  himself. 


SELECTION  XX. 

After  the  murder  of  Caesar  the  liberatores,  as  they  called  them- 
selves, knew  scarcely  what  next  to  do.  Antony  had  rallied  a  por- 
tion of  Caesar's  party,  and  now  strove  to  assume  Caesar's  role.  He 
was  consul  and  managed  to  secure  the  control  of  affairs  for  a  time 
in  the  city.  His  chief  opponents,  including  Cicero,  Decimus  Brutus, 
Marcus  Brutus,  and  Cassius,  thought  best  to  leave  Rome.  The 
senate  presently  appointed  duties  for  M.  Brutus  and  Cassius  which 
took  them  to  Greece  and  Asia.  1).  Brutus  went  to  his  province. 
Cisalpine  Gaul.  At  the  end  of  August,  Cicero  returned  to  the  city 
from  his  retreat,  and  assumed  open  defiance  of  Antony. 

Antony's  opponents  looked  to  Cicero  as  their  best  counselor. 
He  seemed  to  gain  the  powerful  allegiance  of  Octavian,  who  had 
returned  to  Rome  as  the  heir  of  his  uncle,  Julius  Caesar,  and  had 
raised  a  strong  personal  following.  He  kept  in  touch  with  all  the 
republican  leaders  in  the  provinces. 

Antony,  when  his  term  as  consul  was  to  expire,  secured  the  allot- 
ment of  Cisalpine  Gaul  as  his  province.  Cicero  is  statesman  enough 
to  see  the  importance  of  keeping  Antony  from  his  province,  and 
in  this  letter  to  D.  Brutus  he  urges  that  aim. 

S.  D.  D.  .  .  .  desig.  i.e.  salutem  dicit  Decimo  Bruto  Impe- 
ratori  Consuli  designato. 

7.  Lupus  familiaris  noster :  our  good  friend  Lxipiis. 

8.  quosdam  dies :  accusative  of  extent  of  time,  for  several  days. 
eis  locis  :  Cicero  had  gone  away  to  Puteoli. 

9.  tuto :  adverb ;  used  in  familiar  style  as  a  predicate  with 
esse. 


66  NOTES.  [P.  21,  1.  11 

eo  factum  :  whence  it  happened. 

11.  CMrdiaBGt :  provided  for. 

12.  antiquius  :  of  deeper  claim. 

15.  ilia  ...  re  :  i.e.  the  dispatching  of  the  tyrant. 

19.  illud  .  .  .  significandum  videtur :  I  think  I  ought,  how- 
ever, to  point  out,  briefly,  this. 

20.  omnem  spem :  Cicero  is  putting  it  strongly  in  saying  that 
all  the  hope  of  recovering  liberty  rested  upon  D.  Brutus,  yet  his 
army  was  at  this  time  the  chief  bulwark  against  Antony. 

Page  22.  1.  quod  .  .  .  certo  scio :  as  I''m  sure  you  do. 
The  phrase  certo  scio,  /  know  for  certain,  came  to  be  very  much 
weakened  in  force  through  very  common  use,  and  seems  often  to 
mean  no  more  than  our  colloquial  7'm  sure. 

obliviscere :  fut.  indie. 

3.   iste.   Antony. 

nactuB :  gained  possession  of. 

8.   in  perpetuum  :  for  ever. 

ut  principiis :  so  that  the  end  (of  your  effort  and  undertaking) 
may  match  the  beginning. 

12.   cum:  causal. 

14.  ut  tibi  .  .  .  pertinebunt :  substantive  clause  expressing 
the  fuller  sense  of  illud. 

officia,  studia,  curas,  cogitationes  :  due  services,  eager  efforts, 
careful  attention,  study  of  the  situation. 

16.  me :  subject  of  defuturum.  The  Mss.  have  another  me 
before  tuis  optimis,  but  that  would  be  superfluous. 

17.  vita  mea  est  carior :  Either  this  is  exaggeration  or  else  it 
is  true.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  Cicero  did  stake  his  life  on  the  cause 
of  the  republic  more  than  once. 

18.  faveam,  velim :  subjunctive  in  quod  causal  clause  in  indirect 
discourse. 

SELECTION  XXI. 

Antony  besieged  Decimus  Brutus  in  Mutina.  While  the  outcome 
was  still  uncertain,  Cicero  writes  to  inform  and  instruct  Trebonius. 

Trebonio :  Caius  Trebonius  had  been  Caesar's  legate  in  Gaul 
and  his  personal  friend.     He  felt  with  the  others,  however,  that 


p.  24,  1.  3J  NOTES.  57 

Caesar's  tyranny  was  unbearable  to  patriots,  and  he  was  intrustea 
for  his  part  in  the  conspirators'  undertaking,  with  the  task  of  keep- 
ing Antony  away  frora  the  scene  in  the  senate  house  on  the  Ides  of 
March. 

21.  epiilas  :  tlie  joke  of  calling  that  gathering  at  which  Caesar's 
life  was  consumed  a  banquet  and  Antony  the  leavings  was  perhaps 
original  with  Cicero.  At  any  rate  he  seems  fond  of  it,  for  he 
repeats  it  prominently  in  another  letter  (to  Cassius,  Fam.  XII,  4). 

22.  Reliquiarum :  Cicero  thinks  he  would  have  had  the  foresight 
to  have  counseled  the  death  of  Antony  as  well  as  Caesar.  He  does 
not  seem,  however,  to  have  suggested  in  the  first  letters  after  the 
murder  the  advisability  of  having  pursued  that  course. 

Page  23.     1.   els:  sc.  reliquiia:  i.e.  Antony. 

3.  quod  vero  :  with  regard  to  the  fact. 

4.  quod :  as. 

9.  in  ore  et  eunore  .  .  .  habuisti :  have  ever  spoken  of  and 
approved. 

11.  pi.  i.e.  plebis. 

deque  alia  re  referrent :  were  bringing  forward  for  discussion 
another  matter. 

12.  egique  acerrime  :  went  on  very  vigorously. 
15.   contentio  atque  actio  :  effort  and  deed. 

17.    tempus  .   .  .  agendi  :  opportunity  of  doing  something. 

19.  actaque :  A  bulletin  of  public  news  was  issued  daily  at 
Rome.  Citizens  made  copies  to  send  to  their  friends  abroad,  and  it 
was  common  for  prominent  men  to  arrange  for  receiving  the  acta 
regularly. 

23.  consularls  :  i.e.  senators  tcho  have  been  consuls. 
male  sentientes  :  ill  disposed. 

24.  Servio :  Servius  Sulpicius  Rufus  (see  note  p.  10,  heading), 
who  had  been  sent  on  an  embassy  to  Antony  and  had  died. 

2').   avunculus  :  he  was  the  uncle  of  Antony. 

27.   puer  Caesar  :  Octavianus,  heir  by  adoption  of  Julius  Caesar. 

spero  reliqua :  Others  as  well  as  Cicero  had  at  this  time  very 
great  hope  in  Octavian,  though  later  it  was  shattered. 

hoc  .  .  .  habeto  :  and  at  least  be  certain  of  this. 

Page  24-  3.  is  .  .  .  terror:  i.e.  the  fear  afforded  by  the  suc- 
cess of  Octavian  in  winning  over  the  two  legions  here  referred  to. 


THE  STUDENTS'  SERIES  OF  LATIH  CLASSICS. 

UNDER  THE   EDITOKIAL  8UPEEVI8ION   OF 

ERNEST  MONDELL  PEASE,  A.M., 
Late  Leland  Stanford  JvmAor  University, 

AND 

HARRY  THURSTON  PECK,   Ph.D.,  L.H.D., 

Columbia  University. 


This  Series  contains  the  Latin  authors  usually  read  in  American 
schools  and  colleges,  and  also  others  well  adapted  to  class-room 
use,  but  not  heretofore  published  in  suitable  editions.  The  several 
volumes  are  prepared  by  special  editors,  who  aim  to  revise  the 
text  carefully  and  to  edit  it  in  the  most  serviceable  manner. 
Where  there  are  German  editions  of  unusual  merit,  representing 
years  of  special  study  under  the  most  favorable  circumstances, 
these  are  used,  with  the  consent  of  the  foreign  editor,  as  a  basis 
for  tha  American  edition.  In  this  way  it  is  possible  to  bring  out 
text-books  of  the  highest  excellence  in  a  comparatively  short  period 
of  timtj. 

The  editions  are  of  two  kinds,  conforming  to  the  different 
methods  of  studying  Latin  in  our  best  institutions.  Some  contain 
in  the  introductions  and  commentary  such  a  careful  and  minute 
treatment  of  the  author's  life,  language,  and  style  as  to  afford  the 
means  for  a  thorough  appreciation  of  the  author  and  his  place  in 
Latin  literature.  Others  aim  merely  to  assist  the  student  to  a  good 
reading  knowledge  of  the  author,  and  have  only  the  text  and  brief 
explanatory  notes  at  the  bottom  of  each  page.  The  latter  are 
particularly  acceptable  for  sight  reading,  and  for  rapid  reading 
after  the  minute  study  of  an  author  or  period  in  one  of  the  fuller 
editions.  For  instance,  after  a  class  has  read  a  play  or  two  of 
Plautus  and  Terence  carefully,  with  special  reference  to  the  pecu- 
liarities of  style,  language,  metres,  the  methods  of  presenting  a 
play,  and  the  like,  these  editions  will  be  admirably  suited  for  the 
rapid  reading  of  other  plays. 

The  Series  also  contains  various  supplementary  works  prepared 
by  competent  scholars.  Every  effort  is  made  to  give  the  books  a 
Qeat  and  attractive  appeaxance. 

\ 


The  following  volumes  for  College  use  0,1  e  now  ready  or  in 
preparation :  — 

ATLAS  OF  THE  GEOGRAPHY  Al^D  HISTORY  OP  THE  ANCIENT 
WORLD.  Edited  by  John  K.  Lord,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Dart- 
mouth College.  Ready. 

CATULLUS,  Selections,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Riese.  By  Thomas 
B.  Lindsay,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Boston  University. 

CICERO,  De  Senectute  et  de  Amicitia.  By  Charles  E.  Bennett, 
A.M.,  Professor  in  the  Cornell  University.  Ready. 

CICERO,  Tusculan  Disputations,  Books  I  and  II.    By  Professor  Peck. 

CICERO,  De  Oratore,  Book  I,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Sorof.  By 
W.  B.  Owen,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Lafayette  College.  Ready 

CICERO,  Select  Letters,  based  in  part  upon  the  edition  of  Siipfle- 
Bockel.    By  Professor  Pease. 

GELLIUS,  Selections.    By  Professor  Peck. 

GREEK  AND  ROMAN  MYTHOLOGY.  By  Karl  P.  Harrington, 
A.M.,  University  of  Maine,  and  Herbert  C.  Tolman,  Ph.D., 
Vanderbilt  University. 

HAND-BOOK  OF  LATIN  SYNONYMS.    By  Mr.  Miller. 

HORACE,  Odes  and  Epodes.  By  Paul  Shorey,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
the  Chicago  University.  Ready 

HORACE,  Satires  and  Epistles,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Kiessling. 
By  James  H.  Kirkland,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Vanderbilt  Uni- 
versity. Ready. 

JUVENAL,  Satires.  By  James  C.  Egbert,  Jr.,  Ph.D.,  Professor  of 
Latin,  and  Nelson  G.  McCrea,  Ph.D.,  Instructor  in  Latin,  Colum- 
bia University. 

LATIN  COMPOSITION,  for  College  Use.  By  Walter  Miller,  A.M  , 
Professor  in  the  Tulane  University.  Ready. 

LATIN  COMPOSITION,  for  Advanced  Classes.  By  H.  R.  Fairclough, 
Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University. 

LIVY,  Books  XXI  and  XXII,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Wolfflin.  By 
John  K.  Lord,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Dartmouth  College.        Ready. 

LIVY,  Book  I,  for  rapid  reading.    By  Professor  Lord.  Ready. 

MARTIAL,  Selections.  By  Charles  Knapp,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
Barnard  College. 

NEPOS,  for  rapid  reading.  By  Isaac  Flagg,  Ph.D.,  Associate  Pro- 
fessor in  the  University  of  California.  Ready. 

J?ETRONIUS,  Cena  Trimalchionis,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Biicheler. 
By  W.  E.  Waters,  Ph.D.,  the  University  of  New  York.       Ready. 

PLAUTUS,  Captivi,  for  rapid  reading.  By  Grove  E.  Barber,  A.M., 
Professor  in  the  University  of  Nebraska.  Ready. 

PLAUTUS,  Menaechmi,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Brix.  By  Harold 
N.  Fowler,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  Western  Reserve  Univer« 
sity.  Beady. 


PLAUTUS,  Trinummus.  By  H.  C.  Nutting,  Ph.D.,  Instructor  in 
Latin  in  the  University  of  California.  Ready. 

PLINY,  Select  Letters,  for  rapid  reading.  By  Samuel  Ball  Plat- 
neb,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  Western  Reserve  University.  Ready. 
QUINTILIAN,  Book  X,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Kriiger.  By  Emory 
B.  Lease,  Ph.D.,  Instructor  in  the  College  of  the  City  of  New  York. 
SALLUST,  Catiline,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Schmalz.  Bv  Charles 
G.  Herbermann,  Ph.D.,  LL.D.,  Professor  in  the  College  of  the 
City  of  New  York.  Ready. 

SENECA,  Select  Letters.    By  E.  C.  Winslow,  A.M. 
SPECIMENS  OF  LATIN  LITERATURE. 

Classical  Prose.     By  John  Francis  Greene,  A.M.,  Professor  in 

Brown  University. 
Classical  Poetry. 
Early  Latin.     By  Henry  F.  Linscott,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the 

University  of  North  Carolina. 
Latin  Hymns.    By  William  A.  Merrill,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the 

University  of  California. 
Silver  Prose.      Bv  Arthur  L.  Whkeleb,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 

Bryn  Mawr  College. 
Silver  Poetry.     By  Walter  A.  Dennison,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
University  of  Michigan. 

TACITUS,  Annals,  Book  I  and  Selections  from  Book  U,  based  upon  the 
edition  of  Nipperdey-Andresen. 

TACITUS,  Agricola  and  Germania,  based  upon  the  editions  of  Schweizer- 
Sidler  and  Driiger.  By  A.  G.  Hopkins,  Ph.D.,  Late  Professor  in 
Hamilton  College.  Ready. 

TACITUS,  Histories,  Book  I  and  Selections  from  Books  II-V,  based 
upon  the  edition  of  Wolff.  By  Edward  H.  Spieker,  Ph.D.,  Pro- 
fessor in  the  Johns  Hopkins  University. 

TERENCE,  Adelphoe,  for  rapid  reading.  By  William  L.  Cowles,  A.M., 
Professor  in  Amherst  College.  Ready. 

TERENCE,  Phonnio,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Dziatzko.  By  Her- 
bert C.  Elmer,  Ph.D.,  Assistant  Professor  in  the  Cornell  Uni- 
versity. Ready. 

THE  PRIVATE  LIFE  OF  THE  ROMANS,  a  manual  for  the  use  of 
schools  and  colleges.  By  Harriet  Waters  Preston  and  Louise 
Dodge.  Ready. 

TIBULLUS  AND  PROPERTIUS,  Selections,  based  upon  the  edition  of 
Jacoby.  By  Henry  F.  Burton,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  University 
of  Rochester. 

VALERIUS  MAXIMUS,  Fifty  Selections,  for  rapid  reading.  By 
Charles  S.  Smith,  A.M.,  late  College  of  New  Jersey.  Ready. 

VELLEIUS  PATERCULUS.  Historia  Romana,  Book  H.  By  F.  E.  Rock- 
wood,  A.M..  Professor  in  Bucknell  University.  Ready. 

8 


Books  for  the  Secondary  School :  — 

A  FIRST  BOOK  IN  LATIN.  Revised,  1903.  By  Hiram  Tuell,  A.M., 
late  Principal  of  the  Milton  High  School,  Mass.,  and  Harold  N. 
Fowler,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  Western  Reserve  University. 

Ready. 

A  BEGINNER'S  BOOK  IN  LATIN.    By  Tuell  and  Fowler.   Ready. 

A  NEW  LATIN  COMPOSITION,  for  Schools.  Revised,  1905.  By  M. 
Grant  Daniell,  A.M.,  and  Seldon  L.  Brown,  A.M.,  Principal  of 
High  School,  Wellesley,  Mass.  Ready. 

A  NEW  GRADATIM.  By  M.  C.  Smart,  A.M.,  Principal  of  Littleton 
(N.H.)  High  School.  Ready. 

ATLAS  OF  THE  GEOGRAPHY  AND  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT 
WORLD.  Edited  by  John  K.  Lord,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Dart- 
mouth College.  Ready. 

CAESAR,  Gallic  War,  Books  I-V.  By  Harold  W.  Johnson,  Ph.D., 
Professor  in  the  Indiana  University,  and  Frederick  W.  Sanford, 
A.M.,  University  of  Chicago.  Ready. 

CICERO,  Pro  Ligario.   By  Clarence  H.  White,  Colby  College.  Ready. 

CICERO,  Select  Orations.  By  Benj.  L.  D'Ooge,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
the  Michigan  State  Normal  College.  Ready. 

CICERO,  Select  Letters.  By  George  V.  Edwards,  Ph.D.,  Michigan 
Normal  College.  Ready. 

EUTROPIUS,  Selections.    By  Victor  S.  Clark,  Lit.D.  Ready. 

LATIN  GRAMMATICAL  REVIEW  (Part  III  of  Daniell's  Latin  Com- 
position, 1905).  By  M.  Grant  Daniell,  A.M.,  and  Seldon  L. 
Brown,  A.M.  Ready. 

NEPOS,  Selections.  By  J.  C.  Jones,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  University 
of  Missouri. 

OVID,  Selections  from  the  Metamorphoses,  based  upon  the  edition  of 
Meuser-Egen.  By  B.  L.  Wiggins,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  Univer- 
sity of  the  South. 

OVID,  Selections,  for  rapid  reading.  By  A.  L.  Bondurant,  A.M., 
Professor  in  the  University  of  Mississippi. 

SALLUST,  Catiline,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Schmalz.  By  Charles 
G.  Herbbrmann,  Ph.D.,  LL.D.,  Professor  in  the  College  of  the 
City  of  New  York.  Ready. 

VERGIL,  Books  I-VI.  By  William  H.  Kirk,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in 
Rutgers  College. 

VERGIL,  The  Story  of  Tumus  from  Aen.  VII-XII,  for  rapid  reading. 
By  Moses  Slaughter,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin. Ready. 

VIRI  ROMAE,  Selections.  With  Prose  Exercises.  By  G.  M.  Whicher, 
A.M.,  Teachers'  Normal  College,  New  York  City.  Ready. 


BENJ.  H.  SANBORN  &  CO.,  Publishers, 

Boston,  New  York,  Chicago,  London. 


{Continiud  from  page  9  of  Cover.) 

Ovid,  Selections.    By  A.  L,  Bondcbant,  A.M.,  the  University  of  Mississippi. 
The  Gradatim,  Selections.     By  M.  C.  Smart,  A.M.,  Principal  of  Clareinont 

(N.n.)  llltfh  School. 
Verffil,  Book*  I- VI.    By  Jamks  H.  Kirkland,  Ph.D.,  Vanderbilt  University, 

and  Wm.  Hamilton  Kirk,  Pu.D.,  Kutgers  College. 

BOOKS   FOR   COLLEGE   USE. 

A  I^atln  Composition,  for  College  use fl.OO 

Tart    1,  based  on  Livy .60 

Part  II,  based  on  Cicero .60 

Hy  Walter  Miller,  A.M.,  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University. 

Atlas  Antiqas 2J50 

Hy  Dr.  IIknry  Kiepert,  M.B.  Acad.  Berlin. 

Cicero,  De  Amicllla .60 

I)e  Senectute .60 

"        Do  AmiciUaetDe  Senectute  (1vol.) 1.05 

Single  numbers,  text  only,  paper .25 

De  Amicitia  et  De  Senectute  U  vol.)  text  only,  paper Mi 

By  ("has.  E.  Bennett,  A.M.,  Cornell  University. 

Cicero,  De  Oratore,  Book  I 1.00 

Text  only,  paper .25 

By  W.  B.  Owen,  Ph.D.,  Lafayette  College. 

Greek  and  Roman  Mythologry 1.00 

By  Karl  P.  IIarbinotos,  A.M.,  University  of  Maine,  and  Herbert 
C.  Tolman,  Ph.D..  Vanderbilt  University. 

Greek  and  Roman  Mythologry.    Paper .40 

Horace,  Odes  and  E[KKles  1.30 

Text  only,  paper .25 

By  Pai'l  Shoret,  Ph.D.,  Chicago  University. 

Horace,  Satires  and  Epistles 1.20 

Text  only,  paper .25 

By  James  H.  Kirkland,  Ph.D.,  Vanderbilt  University. 
Horace,  Odes,  Epodes,  Satires,  and  Epistles. 

Shorey- Kirkland 1.76 

Text  only,  paper .40 

Livy,  Book  I  (i)ai>er) .80 

"      BooksXXI,  XXII 1.05 

Text  onlv,  paper .25 

"      Books  1,'XXI,  XXII 1.20 

Text  only,  paper .40 

By  John  K.  Lord,  Ph.D.,  Dartmouth  College. 

Nepog,  Lives  of  (vrith  vocabularj') .90 

"        Lives  of  (without  vocabulary) .75 

Text  only,  paper .26 

Edited  for  rapid  reading  by  Isaac  Fi^aoo,  Ph.D.,  the  University  c/ 
California. 

riaatufl,  Captlvl.     Paper .80 

By  Grove  E.  Babbkb.  A.M.,  the  University  of  Nebraska. 

Plautus,  Menaechml $1.08 

Text,  paper .25 

By  Harold  N.  Fowlbb,  Pu,D.,  Western  Reserve  University. 


{Continued  from  page  3  of  Cover.) 

Pliny,  Select  Letters.    Paper .80 

By  Samuel  Ball  Platner,  Ph.D.,  Western  Reserve  University. 
Sallust,  Catiline,  with  vocabulary 1.00 

"  "        without  vocabulary .15 

"  "        paper .40 

By  Chas.  G.  Herbermann,  Ph.D.,  College  of  the  City  of  New  York. 

Tacitus,  Agricola  and  Germania 1.00 

Text,  paper .25 

By  A.  G.  Hopkins,  Ph.D.,  late  Hamilton  College. 
Terence,  Adelphoe  (paper) .30 

By  William  L.  Cowles,  A.M.,  Amherst  College. 

Terence,  Phorraio 1.00 

Text,  paper .25 

By  Herbert  G.  Elmer,  Ph.D.,  Cornell  University. 

The  Private  I,ife  of  tlie  Romans 1.00 

"  "  "  "        (paper) .40 

By  Harriet  Waters  Preston  and  Louise  Dodge. 
Talerius  Maximus,  Fifty  Selections  (paper). .30 

By  Charles  L.  Smith,  A.M.,  late  College  of  New  Jersey. 

Velleius  Paterculus,  Historia  Romana,  Book  II 1.00 

Text,  paper .25 

By  Frank  E.  Eockwood,  A.M.,  Bucknell  University. 


Announcement  of  New  Books  in  the  Students'  Series  for  College  Use. 

Catullus,  Selections  based  upon  the  edition  of  Eiese.  By  Thomas  B.  L^indsay, 
Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Boston  University. 

Cicero,  Tusculan  Disputations,  Books  I  and  II.     By  Professor  Peck. 

Cicero,  Select  Letters  based  in  part  upon  the  edition  of  Siipfle-BOckel.  By  Pro- 
fessor Pease. 

Gellius,  Selections.     By  Professor  Peck. 

Hand-book  of  Latin  Synonyms.    By  Mr.  Miller. 

Juvenal,  Satires.  By  James  C.  Egbert,  Jr.,  Ph.D.,  Adjunct  Professor,  and 
Nelson  G.  McCrea,  Ph.D.,  Instructor  in  Columbia  University. 

tiUcretius,  De  Eerum  Natura,  Book  III.  By  W.  A.  Merrill,  Ph.D.,  Professor 
in  the  University  of  California. 

Martial,  Selections.     By  Charles  Knapp,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Barnard  College. 

Petronius,  Cena  Trimalchionis,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Bucheler.  By  W.  E. 
Waters,  Ph.D.,  late  President  of  Wells  College. 

Quintilian,  Book  X  and  Selections  from  Book  XII,  based  upon  the  edition  of 
Kriiger. 

Seneca,  Select  Letters.    By  E.  C.  Winslow,  A.M. 

Tacitus,  Annals,  Book  I  and  Selections  from  Book  II,  based  upon  the  edition  of 
Nipperdey-Andresen.     By  E.  M.  Hyde,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Ursinus  College. 

Tacitus,  Histories,  Book  I  and  Selections  from  Books  II-V,  based  upon  the 
edition  of  Wolff.  By  Edward  H.  Spieker,  Ph.D.,  Professor  in  Johns  Hop- 
kins University. 

TibulluB  and  Propertius,  Selections,  based  upon  the  edition  of  Jacoby.  By 
Henry  F.  Burton,  A.M.,  Professor  in  the  University  of  Rochester. 

BENJ.  H.  SANBORN  &  CO. 

BOSTON,  U.  S.  A. 


